Closely related species often exhibit distinct morphologies that can contribute to species-specific adaptations and reproductive isolation. One example is Lepidopteran caterpillar appendages, such as
UPF-1-UPF-2-UPF-3 complex-orchestrated nonsense-mediated mRNA decay (NMD) is a well-characterized eukaryotic cellular surveillance mechanism that not only degrades aberrant transcripts to protect the
