IL-9 signaling pathway

IL-9 is a multifunctional cytokine, belong to a family of cytokines. IL-9 was initially reported as a T cell growth factor in mice. It is now known to target multiple cell types. It plays an important role in the expansion and recruitment of mast cells in response to intestinal nematode infection or during autoimmune encephalomyelitis. It is also known to act on various cell types known to be involved in asthma including T cells, B cells, mast cells, eosinophils, neutrophils, and epithelial cells. IL 9 can promote the expression of TGF-beta in lipopolysaccharide induced monocytes and macrophages. IL-9 is also known to play important roles in conditions including airway inflammation, EAE and parasitic infections. Mitogen-activated protein kinase pathway is activated transiently by IL-9, which in turn leads to the growth stimulation of hematopoietic cell lines. IL-9 signals through the heterodimeric receptor composed of a specific chain (IL-9R) and a gamma chain (IL2RG), which is shared between IL-2, IL-4, IL-7, IL15 and IL-21. The IL-9R and IL-2RG associates with JAK1 and JAK3 respectively. Receptor engagement results in JAK1- JAK3 cross phosphorylation and activation of the JAK proteins which leads to the activation of Signal transducer and activator of transcription (STAT-1, STAT-3 and STAT-5) and Insulin receptor substrate 1 and 2 (IRS1 and IRS2)/PI3K cascades. IL-9 stimulation also results in the activation of MEK/ERK signaling cascade. Please access this pathway at [http://www.netpath.org/netslim/IL_9_pathway.html NetSlim] database. If you use this pathway, please cite the following paper: Kandasamy, K., Mohan, S. S., Raju, R., Keerthikumar, S., Kumar, G. S. S., Venugopal, A. K., Telikicherla, D., Navarro, J. D., Mathivanan, S., Pecquet, C., Gollapudi, S. K., Tattikota, S. G., Mohan, S., Padhukasahasram, H., Subbannayya, Y., Goel, R., Jacob, H. K. C., Zhong, J., Sekhar, R., Nanjappa, V., Balakrishnan, L., Subbaiah, R., Ramachandra, Y. L., Rahiman, B. A., Prasad, T. S. K., Lin, J., Houtman, J. C. D., Desiderio, S., Renauld, J., Constantinescu, S. N., Ohara, O., Hirano, T., Kubo, M., Singh, S., Khatri, P., Draghici, S., Bader, G. D., Sander, C., Leonard, W. J. and Pandey, A. (2010). NetPath: A public resource of curated signal transduction pathways. <i>Genome Biology</i>. 11:R3.

IL-9，作为一种多功能的细胞因子，隶属于细胞因子家族。最初，IL-9被报道为小鼠中的T细胞生长因子。现已证实，IL-9可靶向多种细胞类型。在应对肠道线虫感染或自身免疫性脑脊髓炎期间，IL-9在肥大细胞的增殖和募集中发挥着至关重要的作用。此外，IL-9还作用于已知参与哮喘的各种细胞类型，包括T细胞、B细胞、肥大细胞、嗜酸性粒细胞、中性粒细胞和上皮细胞。IL-9能够促进脂多糖诱导的单核细胞和巨噬细胞中TGF-β的表达。IL-9在呼吸道炎症、EAE和寄生虫感染等疾病中也发挥着至关重要的作用。IL-9通过激活有丝分裂原激活蛋白激酶（MAPK）途径，进而导致造血细胞系的生长刺激。IL-9通过由特定链（IL-9R）和γ链（IL2RG）组成的异源二聚体受体进行信号传导，该受体与IL-2、IL-4、IL-7、IL15和IL-21共享。IL-9R与JAK1结合，而IL2RG与JAK3结合。受体的结合导致JAK1-JAK3的交叉磷酸化和JAK蛋白的激活，进而引发信号转导和转录激活因子（STAT-1、STAT-3和STAT-5）以及胰岛素受体底物1和2（IRS1和IRS2）/PI3K级联反应的激活。IL-9的刺激还导致MEK/ERK信号级联反应的激活。请访问[http://www.netpath.org/netslim/IL_9_pathway.html NetSlim]数据库以获取该途径信息。若使用此途径，请引用以下论文：Kandasamy, K.，Mohan, S. S.，Raju, R.，Keerthikumar, S.，Kumar, G. S. S.，Venugopal, A. K.，Telikicherla, D.，Navarro, J. D.，Mathivanan, S.，Pecquet, C.，Gollapudi, S. K.，Tattikota, S. G.，Mohan, S.，Padhukasahasram, H.，Subbannayya, Y.，Goel, R.，Jacob, H. K. C.，Zhong, J.，Sekhar, R.，Nanjappa, V.，Balakrishnan, L.，Subbaiah, R.，Ramachandra, Y. L.，Rahiman, B. A.，Prasad, T. S. K.，Lin, J.，Houtman, J. C. D.，Desiderio, S.，Renauld, J.，Constantinescu, S. N.，Ohara, O.，Hirano, T.，Kubo, M.，Singh, S.，Khatri, P.，Draghici, S.，Bader, G. D.，Sander, C.，Leonard, W. J. 和 Pandey, A. (2010). NetPath：一个经过精心编辑的信号转导途径公共资源。<i>基因组生物学</i>。11：R3。