ENGLISH PHRASEOLOGICAL UNITS AND THE PROBLEMS OF THEIR TRANSLATION

Phraseological units are an essential part of every language because they reflect national culture, historical experience, traditions, and ways of thinking. English phraseological units frequently create difficulties for translators because their meanings cannot always be understood from the meanings of their individual words. The purpose of this study is to examine the main characteristics of English phraseological units and identify the most common problems that arise in their translation into Uzbek. The study applies descriptive, comparative, and contextual methods. English idioms and their Uzbek translations were analyzed according to their semantic, structural, and cultural features. The results show that phraseological units can be translated through complete equivalents, partial equivalents, descriptive translation, lexical substitution, and contextual adaptation. The findings also indicate that cultural differences, polysemy, figurative meaning, and the absence of direct equivalents are the main causes of translation difficulties. The study concludes that an effective translation should preserve not only the general meaning of a phraseological unit but also its emotional, stylistic, and cultural value.