Replication data for "Does rail market opening compromise safety? Panel evidence on competition, accident frequency, and accident precursors in 28 European countries"

Country-year panel of 32 European railway systems, 2004 to 2024 (143 variables), linking the competitor share of rail freight markets (IRG-Rail and European Commission Rail Market Monitoring Scheme) to the Common Safety Indicators reported to the European Union Agency for Railways, with Eurostat, OECD-ITF and World Bank covariates. Includes the estimation sample (28 systems, 2011 to 2024), codebook, coding tables for liberalisation dates, infrastructure-manager organisational models and heavy-goods-vehicle toll regimes with dated sources, transcription records, Python code reproducing Tables 2 to 5 of the manuscript, tables and figures, and a correction note. All source data are public; raw source files are not redistributed and can be rebuilt from the documented URLs.