Effects of topical application of ginger on alterations of gut microbiota composition in Parkinson's disease constipation rats based on 16S rRNA data

Genus-level analyses showed that the relative abundance of a total of 22 genera differed significantly between the Vehicle and Model groups, and Ginger Treatment reversed 15 of these genera, of which Escherichia-Shigella and Morganella belong to Pseudomonadota (previously known as Proteobacteria). Among these 15 genera, the relative abundance of Desulfovibrio and Escherichia-Shigella was far ahead . In addition, the relative abundance of Phascolarctobacterium decreased in the Model group. Moreover, the Ginger Treatment significantly enhanced the relative abundance of 4 genera. Among these 4 genera, the relative abundance of Lactobacillus, Dubosiella and Bifidobacterium in the Ginger group was >0.03. In addition, compared to the Model group, Bilophila was significantly diminished in the Ginger group.