全球30m分辨率陆表水域数据集(2010)
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2010年全球30m分辨率陆表水域数据集（GlobeLand30_WTR2010）是中国捐赠给联合国（2014年9月）的全球30m分辨率土地覆盖数据集（2010）中十个数据集之一。陆表水域是地表覆盖的重要组成部分。该数据集依托全球地表覆盖遥感制图项目，根据全球优选（无云或少云）的2010年及前后1-2年间9907景30m空间分辨率的美国陆地资源卫星（Landsat）TM5、ETM 多光谱影像数据及2640景中国环境减灾卫星（HJ-1）多光谱影像数据。在数据预处理基础上，利用基于像元的水域综合提取、面向对象的图斑处理和人机交互的数据优化等遥感提取方法，兼顾陆表水域遥感提取的高效性和准确性，形成了2010年全球30m分辨率陆表水域数据集（GlobeLand30_WTR2010）。该数据经过部分地区的抽样检验。数据集采用分幅方式组织数据文件，总计759个数据文件组，每个文件组包括3类数据文件，分别为以.Tif, .tfw格式存储的实体数据、以.shp格式存储的数据开发应用的遥感影像数据信息和以.xml格式存储的元数据信息。为便利获取和网络共享，实体数据被分为5个压缩数据文件包（.rar数据格式）。其中，GlobeLand30_WTR2010_1.rar是欧洲和亚洲72?E以西的地表水域数据集文件包；GlobeLand30_WTR2010_2.rar是亚洲72?E以东的地表水域数据集文件包；GlobeLand30_WTR2010_3.rar是北美洲50?以北的地表水域数据集文件包；GlobeLand30_WTR2010_4.rar是北美洲50?以南和南美洲的地表水域数据集文件包；GlobeLand30_WTR2010_5.rar是非洲和大洋洲的地表水域数据集文件包。此外，数据集中包括一个附录数据说明文件（GlobeLand30_WTR2010.xlsx）。数据表明，2010年全球陆表水域总面积为367.54万km2。全球陆表水域的空间分布不均匀。其中，北美洲占据全球地表水域面积40%以上。全球变化科学研究数据出版系统和天地图系统提供开放、公益性下载服务。
The 2010 Global 30m-resolution Land Surface Water Dataset (GlobeLand30_WTR2010) is one of the ten datasets included in the 2010 Global 30m-resolution Land Cover Dataset donated by China to the United Nations in September 2014. Land surface water is an important component of land cover. This dataset was developed based on the Global Land Cover Remote Sensing Mapping Project, using 9907 scenes of 30m-resolution multispectral imagery from the U.S. Landsat TM5 and ETM satellites, and 2640 scenes of multispectral imagery from China's Huanjing (Environment and Disaster Mitigation) Satellite (HJ-1) that were optimally selected globally (cloud-free or with minimal cloud cover) from 2010 and the 1-2 years before and after 2010. On the basis of data preprocessing, remote sensing extraction methods including pixel-based comprehensive water body extraction, object-oriented patch processing, and human-computer interaction data optimization were employed to balance the efficiency and accuracy of land surface water remote sensing extraction, leading to the completion of the 2010 Global 30m-resolution Land Surface Water Dataset (GlobeLand30_WTR2010). This dataset has undergone sampling inspection in selected regions worldwide. The dataset organizes data files in a tiled manner, totaling 759 data file groups. Each file group contains three types of data files: physical data stored in .Tif and .tfw formats, remote sensing image data information for data development and application stored in .shp format, and metadata information stored in .xml format. To facilitate access and online sharing, the physical data is divided into five compressed data packages in .rar format. Among them, GlobeLand30_WTR2010_1.rar is the surface water dataset package for Europe and regions west of 72°E in Asia; GlobeLand30_WTR2010_2.rar is the surface water dataset package for regions east of 72°E in Asia; GlobeLand30_WTR2010_3.rar is the surface water dataset package for regions north of 50°N in North America; GlobeLand30_WTR2010_4.rar is the surface water dataset package for regions south of 50°N in North America and South America; GlobeLand30_WTR2010_5.rar is the surface water dataset package for Africa and Oceania. In addition, the dataset includes an appendix data description file (GlobeLand30_WTR2010.xlsx). Statistics show that the total global land surface water area in 2010 was 3.6754 million km². The spatial distribution of global land surface water is uneven, with North America accounting for more than 40% of the global land surface water area. The Global Change Research Data Publishing System and the Tianditu System provide open and public welfare download services.
