Robust preparation and reinforcement mechanism study of PVDF hollow fiber membrane with homogeneous fibers

Fig.5 The FTIR spectra (a), XRD diffraction curves (b), azimuth angle scanogram (c) and stress-strain curves (d) of fibers before and after dry-wet spinning
Fig.6 The mechanical property of prepared membranes: (a) stress-strain curves, (b) bursting strength curves; and (d) pullout force curves of the pullout of fiber reinforcement from the membrane separation layer.
Fig.8 Pore size distribution (a), porosity and pure water flux (b), BSA rejection test (c), the change of separation flux and rejection before and after ultrasound (d)