Supplemental information and raw data: Developmental and caste-specific expression patterns of ATP-Binding Cassette (ABC) transporters in honey bees (Apis mellifera)

While honey bees play a vital role in global crop production, they face increasing exposure to xenobiotic chemicals during commercial pollination. Multidrug-resistance (MDR)-type ATP-binding cassette (ABC) transporters provide the first line of defense against xenobiotic chemicals. This study investigated the gene expression profiles of 12 ABC transporters involved in chemical detoxification across three honey bee castes and 13 life stages using quantitative real-time PCR. Six ABC genes showed increased expression during worker bee development and were identified as MDR-like transporters (Ame-ABCB1, Ame-ABCB6, Ame-ABCC4a-c, Ame-ABCG1). Four transporters showed pupal-specific expression during metamorphosis. Queens exhibited dramatically reduced MDR transporter expression compared to workers between 1.7-fold lower (ABCB6) and 17.5-fold lower (ABCB1). Drones showed intermediate expression levels. Queen ovaries demonstrated tissue-specific upregulation of select transporters. These finding..., 2.1. Sample acquisition
Honey bee samples were collected from hives maintained by the USDA-ARS Pollinator Health Research Unit in Davis, CA. Table S2 describes the sampling seasons, years, and locations. Quantitative monitoring of parasitic Varroa destructor mites was conducted using alcohol washes (Jack and Ellis, 2021), and levels were found to be low throughout sample collection. Colonies were maintained according to standard best beekeeping practices in the United States (Best Management Practices for Beekeepers and Growers – Bee Health, 2024), and levels of Varroa destructor mites were controlled using treatments with Formic Pro™ (NOD Apiary Products Ltd., Trenton, Ontario).
Five samples of each life stage were collected for biological replication. Additional queens were collected for dissection of five ovaries. Eggs (E) were collected by taking a frame containing E (from a hive or queen monitoring cage (Fine et al., 2021) used in the laboratory) and tapping them out onto dark-colo..., , # Supplemental information and raw data: Developmental and caste-specific expression patterns of ATP-Binding Cassette (ABC) transporters in honey bees (Apis mellifera)

[https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.d2547d8c2](https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.d2547d8c2)

## Description of the data and file structure

Supplemental Information and qPCR raw data from: Developmental and Caste-specific Expression Patterns of ATP-Binding Cassette (ABC) Transporters in Honey bees (*Apis mellifera*)

### Files and variables

#### Files:

#### LS_qPCR_Organizeddata_All.csv

\**Description: This file contains the raw c for all ABC transporters, and housekeeping genes.

##### Variables and descriptions

* null = no data was reported by the qPCR instrument for this cell. 

- sample_name (categorical) = name of the sample specimen and biological replicate number, for example D1 is drone biological replicate 1, while D2 would be drone biological replicate 2. 
* D = Drone bee
* F = Forager bee 
* N = Nurse bee 
...,