Assessing E-Government's Role in Transforming the Informal Economy: A Dual MIMIC–SCM Approach in Developing Contexts

This dataset supports the study "Assessing E-Government's Role in Transforming the Informal Economy: A Dual MIMIC–SCM Approach in Developing Contexts". It contains processed and standardized data used to estimate the size of the informal economy and evaluate the impact of E-government development in Malaysia and Thailand.

The dataset integrates multiple indicators and causes, consistent with the Multiple Indicators Multiple Causes (MIMIC) model, and includes economic, institutional, and infrastructural variables sourced from reputable international databases such as the World Bank, IMF, UNDP, and International Labour Organization. Variables cover the period 2000–2023 and include Rule of Law index, tax burden, unemployment rate, electricity consumption, GDP per capita, and E-government Development Index (EGDI), among others.

In addition, the dataset provides the country-year panel structure required for the Synthetic Control Method (SCM), including treatment and donor pool specifications for both Malaysia and Thailand. All values have been cleaned, transformed (e.g., log transformation where applicable), and are ready for replication or further analysis.

Researchers can reuse this dataset for comparative policy analysis, cross-country studies on digital governance, or extensions of institutional and compliance cost models in the context of the informal economy.