CTD profiles in the western and central Mediterranean between 2007 and 2020 from Italian cruises

fifteen oceanographic cruises were organized in the western and central mediterranean basins between october 2007 and october 2020 (see the table) by the italian national research council (cnr) and the acquisition of 661 hydrological vertical profiles. the cruise carried out in 2015 is part of another database (ribotti et al., 2019a) while in 2016 no cruise was planned and in 2019 it was cancelled due to bad weather conditions. data of conductivity (sbe-4 sensor, resolution of 3 x 10-4 s/m), temperature (sbe-3/f thermometer, resolution of 0.00015 °c/bit at -1 °c or 0.00018 °c/bit at 31 °c), dissolved oxygen (do; sbe-43 polarographic membrane sensor with a range of 120% of surface saturation and an accuracy of ±2% of saturation), chlorophyll-a fluorescence (chl-a; sea tech inc. fluorometer with energy emitted by the flash lamp of 0.25 j for flash, temperature range 0 ° - 25 °c, resolution 0.15 mg/l) reported as relative fluorescence unit. a chelsea aqua 3 fluorometer has been used, while no fluorescence data were during the two cruises bonifacio2010, -sic and -cor. turbidity was acquired just during bonifacio2011 by a seapoint, and by a wet labs eco-ntu during piattaforme2018 and ichnussa2020. the ph/redox sensor (sbe27) was available just during the cruise piattaforme2018 but calibrated one year before. pre-cruise and post-cruise calibrations of first and redundant sensors of temperature, salinity and dissolved oxygen were performed by cnr technicians at the nato-cmre center in la spezia (italy). after acquisition data were quality checked and processed by the sea-bird seasoft software, and the coarse errors corrected. on board the r/v urania and r/v minerva uno, salinity was checked against the onboard analyses of water, sampled at pre-defined depths, by a guildline-autosal salinometer, while on the other vessels all samples were analyzed once back at cnr. the same for dissolved oxygen, checked against winkler titration analyses onboard. this post-cruise calibration was not done on data acquired during the cruise piattaforme2018.chl-a, ph and turbidity, where available, data were not calibrated. these procedures of quality assurance and check are widely described in ribotti et al. (2020). furthermore, in the framework of the medess4ms project (see info on https://keep.eu/), on 17 and 21 may 2014 two daily cruises, seriousgame2014-1 and -2, were jointly held by the cnr is oristano with the cnr in ancona and the italian coast guard. the two surveys covered, with 45 casts each, about 880 km2 of shelf on a 5 x 5 km spatial grid in latitude and longitude of an area located north of the elba island in the tuscany archipelago, northern tyrrhenian sea. the ctd probe was a seabird sbe19 plus v2 equipped with sensors of pressure, temperature, conductivity, sbe 63 for dissolved oxygen, wet-lab flntu for turbidity (ntu) and chlorophyll (ug/l) and, just during the second cruise, a turner cyclops sensor for the chromophoric dissolved organic matter (cdom in ppb qs - quinine sulfate). the probe was calibrated on january 29th 2013 but not before and after the two cruises, for what is known, so data were just quality checked and processed by the sea-bird seasoft software, and the coarse errors corrected. this database is integrated with other two covering the period 2000-2006 for western to eastern mediterranean (ribotti et al., 2019b, ribotti et al., 2019c). the data set is provided per cruise as ocean data view (odv, schlitzer, 2022. ocean data view. https://odv.awi.de) spreadsheet files in txt format where missing data values are set to -1.e10.list of cruises organized in the period 2007-2020 with number of casts, research vessels used and areas interested (with at least two casts)

自2007年10月至2020年10月，意大利国家研究委员会（CNR）与意大利海岸警卫队共同组织了十五次地中海西部和中部盆地的海洋考察（详见表格），并采集了661个水文垂直剖面数据。2015年的考察数据属于另一数据库（Ribotti等，2019a），而2016年未计划考察，2019年因恶劣天气条件取消。数据包括电导率（SBE-4传感器，分辨率为3 x 10^-4 S/m）、温度（SBE-3/f温度计，在-1°C时分辨率为0.00015 °C/bit，在31°C时分辨率为0.00018 °C/bit）、溶解氧（DO；SBE-43极谱式传感器，范围为表面饱和度的120%，精度为饱和度±2%）、叶绿素a荧光（Chl-a；Sea Tech Inc.荧光计，闪光灯发出的能量为0.25 J，温度范围为0°C至25°C，分辨率为0.15 mg/l），以相对荧光单位报告。在Bonifacio2010、-Sic和-Cor两次考察中未收集到荧光数据。浊度仅在Bonifacio2011考察期间由SeaPoint获取，在Piattaforme2018和Ichthussa2020考察期间由Wet Labs Eco-NTU获取。pH/氧化还原传感器（SBE27）仅在Piattaforme2018考察期间可用，但提前一年进行了校准。CNR技术人员在意大利拉斯佩齐亚的北约-CMRE中心对温度、盐度和溶解氧的第一和冗余传感器进行了航前和航后校准。数据采集后，由Sea-Bird SeaSoft软件进行数据质量检查和处理，并纠正了粗大误差。在R/V乌拉尼亚号和R/V米涅瓦号上，使用Guildline-Autosal盐度计对预先定义深度的水样进行了盐度检查，而其他船只上的所有样品均在CNR进行分析。溶解氧也进行了类似的检查，即与船上的Winkler滴定分析进行对比。Piattaforme2018考察期间采集的数据未进行航后校准。Chl-a、pH和浊度数据，如有，未经校准。这些质量保证和检查程序在Ribotti等（2020）中得到了广泛描述。此外，在Medess4ms项目（见https://keep.eu/）框架内，2014年5月17日和21日，由CNR伊里斯塔诺、CNR安科纳和意大利海岸警卫队共同组织了两次每日考察，即serioussgame2014-1和-2。这两次调查覆盖了托斯卡纳群岛北部、伊斯基亚岛以北区域约880 km2的沿岸区域，该区域位于第勒尼安海北部，以5 x 5 km的空间网格形式进行考察，每次考察进行了45次投放。CTD探头为Seabird SBE19 plus v2，配备压力、温度、电导率、SBE 63溶解氧传感器、Wet-Lab flntu浊度（NTU）和叶绿素（ug/l）传感器，在第二次考察期间还配备了Turner Cyclops传感器用于测量色度溶解有机物（CDOM，以ppb QS -奎宁硫酸盐计）。探头于2013年1月29日进行了校准，但未在两次考察前和后进行，因此数据仅由Sea-Bird SeaSoft软件进行质量检查和处理，并纠正了粗大误差。该数据库与其他两个覆盖2000-2006年地中海西部至东部的数据库（Ribotti等，2019b，Ribotti等，2019c）相结合。数据集按考察提供，以海洋数据视图（ODV，Schlitzer，2022. Ocean Data View. https://odv.awi.de）的txt格式电子表格文件形式提供，其中缺失数据值设置为-1.e10。列出2007-2020年期间组织的考察列表，包括投放次数、使用的考察船和感兴趣的区域（至少有两个投放）。