Population and Housing Census 2011 - Nepal

Abstract
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National population and housing census 2011 (NPHC2011), marks a hundred years of census taking in Nepal. Nepal has been conducting population censuses almost decennially and the census 2011 is the eleventh. The first population census was conducted in 1911 A.D. (1968 B.S.). However, the census conducted in 1952/54 is considered to be the first modern census of Nepal introducing internationally comparable concepts, definitions and classifications. Computer processing was introduced for the first time in 1971 census using IBM 1401. NPHC 2011 carries special features of having scientific questionnaires, detailed EA maps for urban and Village Development Committees (VDC) maps for rural areas, ever most inclusive field staff, extensive publicity, independent observance by civil society, most economic operation based on domestic resources and most reliable data processing.

Geographic coverage
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National

Analysis unit
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- Household;
- Individual.

Kind of data
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Census/enumeration data [cen]

Mode of data collection
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Face-to-face [f2f]

Research instrument
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Census questionnaires (Listing form, Individual form-1, Individual form-2), enumeration and other manuals, EA maps were major tools used to conduct field enumeration. Complete list of households was prepared during May and June 2011, a month before the main census. Listing schedule contains questions on number of house, households, household members by sex, agricultural land operated and livestock owned by households and operation of small scale nonagricultural activities. Individual Form-1 contains questions on types of house, household facilities/assets, ownership of the house or land of female members of the household, mortality and its causes and details of absent members of households. Also, included in the form-1 are name, surname, relationship to head, sex, age, caste/ethnicity, marital status and age at first marriage, religion, mother tongue and second language, citizenship, type of disability, literacy and level of education. However, questions on migration, fertility, labour force, occupation, industry, employment status and living arrangement of children (under the age 16) were asked under form-2 to every eighth household selected systematically.

Cleaning operations
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Keeping in mind the quality of the data processing operation and the capacity of CBS to undertake, it has been decided to source out the operation as it was done in 2001 census. Nevertheless, processing site and the computers were provided to the contractor so that both quality and confidentiality lie strictly under the control of CBS. Manuals of coding, editing and key entry operation were prepared, training and key entry operation were monitored and supervised by the core team of the CBS. Despite delay in awarding the contract, the whole operation was completed in six months from the date the contract was signed. Approximately, six hundred processing staff plus experts were engaged in coding, editing, key entry operation and verification.

CSPro, an integrated software developed for data entry, editing, verification and tabulation by US Bureau of Census was used for data processing (Key entry, editing and verification). However, CSPro, SPSS and STATA are used for tabulations. Range and consistency checks were done thoroughly during the processing operation. The captured data were further cleaned with the assistance of international experts. New classifications of occupation and industry were prepared based on ISOC and ISIC (Rev. 4). Similarly, classifications of caste/ethnicity, religion and language were prepared based on the recommendations of the academicians and subject matter specialists.

{'Abstract': '《2011年国家人口与住房普查（NPHC2011）》标志着尼泊尔百年来人口普查工作的里程碑。尼泊尔自1911年（1968年尼历）首次开展人口普查以来，几乎每十年便会进行一次，2011年的人口普查已是第11次。尽管1952/54年的普查被视为尼泊尔首次引入国际上可比的概念、定义和分类的现代普查，但第一次真正意义上的科学人口普查始于1971年，当时采用了IBM 1401计算机进行数据处理。NPHC2011具有多项特殊特征：采用科学问卷、提供城市和乡村发展委员会（VDC）的详细地图，配备极为广泛的现场工作人员，进行广泛的宣传活动，由民间社会独立监督，基于国内资源的最高经济运作效率和最可靠的数据处理。'}