Supporting data for "The genome of common long-arm octopus Octopus minor"

The common long-arm octopus (<i>Octopus minor</i>) is found in mudflats of subtidal zones and faces numerous environmental challenges. The ability to adapt its morphology and behavioural repertoire to diverse environmental conditions makes the species a promising model to understand genomic adaptation and evolution in cephalopods.<br>The final genome assembly of <i>O. minor</i> is 5.09 Gb, with a contig N50 size of 197 kb and longest size of 3.027 Mb, from a total of 419 Gb raw reads generated using PacBio RS II platform. We identified 30,010 genes and 44.43% of the genome is composed of repeat elements. The genome-widw phylogenetic tree indicated the divergence time between <i>O. minor</i> and <i>O. bimaculoides</i> was estimated to be 43 million years ago (Mya) based on single-copy orthologous genes. In total, 178 gene families are expanded in <i>O. minor</i> in the bilaterian species. <br> We found that the <i>O. minor</i> genome was larger than that of closely related <i>O. bimaculoides</i>, and this difference could be explained by enlarged introns and recently diversified transposable elements. The high-quality <i>O. minor</i> genome assembly provides a valuable resource for understanding octopus genome evolution and the molecular basis of adaptations to mudflats.