Data used in "Evidence of a fraction of LIGO/Virgo/KAGRA events coming from active galactic nuclei"

Evidence of a fraction of LIGO/Virgo/KAGRA events coming from active galactic nuclei The formation channels of the gravitational-wave (GW) sources detected by LIGO/Virgo/KAGRA (LVK) remain poorly constrained. Active galactic nucleus (AGN) has been proposed as one of the potential hosts but the fraction of GW events originating from AGNs has not been quantified. Here, we constrain the AGN-origin fraction $f_{\rm agn}$ by analyzing the spatial correlation between GW source localizations ($O1\!-\!O4$a) and AGN distributions (SDSS DR16). We report preliminary evidence of an excess of low-luminosity ($L_{\rm bol} \le 10^{45}~\!\mathrm{erg~s}^{-1}$) as well as low-Eddington ratio ($\lambda_{\rm Edd} \le 0.05$) AGNs around the LVK events, the explanation of which requires $f_{\rm agn} = 0.39^{+0.41}_{-0.32}$ and $0.29^{+0.40}_{-0.25}$ (90\% confidence level) of the LVK events originating from these respective AGN populations. Monte Carlo simulations confirm that this correlation is unlikely to arise from random coincidence, further supported by anomalous variation of the error of $f_{\rm agn}$ with GW event counts. These results support the theoretical speculation that LVK events come from low-luminosity or low-accretion-rate AGNs, offering critical insights into the environmental dependencies of the formation of GW sources. ArXiv: [2505.02924] (https://www.arxiv.org/abs/2505.02924) This dataset contains all observational data used in the analysis of this study (arXiv:2505.02924), excluding mock data for simulations, and incorporates skymaps of gravitational-wave events detected by the LIGO/Virgo/KAGRA collaboration and AGN catalogs from the Sloan Digital Sky Survey (SDSS). Tutorial Each column of AGN catalog data files represents: - (1) Right Ascension (J2000, units in degree), - (2) Declination (J2000, units in degree), - (3) Redshift, - (4) Luminosity distance($D_L$, units in Mpc), - (5) Logarithmic bolometric luminosity ($\log_{10}(L_{\rm bol})$, units in erg/s), - (6) Logarithmic Eddington ratio ($\log_{10}(\lambda_{\rm Edd}) $), - (7) Spatial number density (units in ${\rm Mpc}^{-3}$ in comoving space), respectively. The classification criteria for each sub-catalog table are as follows:- ``low $L_{\rm bol}$'' subcatalog represents $\log_{10}(L_{\rm bol})<=45$; - ``moderate $L_{\rm bol}$'' subcatalog represents $45<\log_{10}(L_{\rm bol})<=45.5$; - ``high $L_{\rm bol}$'' subcatalog represents $45.5<\log_{10}(L_{\rm bol})$;- ``low $\lambda_{\rm Edd}$'' subcatalog represents $\log_{10}(\lambda_{\rm Edd})<=-1.3$;- ``moderate $\lambda_{\rm Edd}$'' subcatalog represents $-1.3<\log_{10}(\lambda_{\rm Edd})<=-0.9$;- ``high $\lambda_{\rm Edd}$'' subcatalog represents $-0.9<\log_{10}(\lambda_{\rm Edd})$; The "Used_SDSS_AGN_catalog-bound_x.txt" files describe the sky boundaries of the SDSS catalogs we used, and only AGNs located within the three boundaries were used in our analysis.