RECURRENCE OF TRICHILEMMAL CYSTS ON THE SCALP: A CASE REPORT

Background: Trichilemmal cysts, benign lesions originating from the outer root sheath of hair follicles, commonly present as asymptomatic nodules on the scalp. Despite their typically non-threatening nature, cases of recurrence and familial clustering underscore the need for a comprehensive understanding of their clinical course and potential genetic influences.

Case Presentation: We present a 44-year-old male with a lifelong history of trichilemmal cysts who sought surgical intervention due to discomfort caused by cyst formation on the scalp. Over a 15-year period, three cysts were surgically removed, with one inadvertently missing, leading to its progressive enlargement and the emergence of new cysts over the subsequent eight years. Magnetic resonance imaging revealed multiple well-defined cystic lesions with distinct margins, consistent with trichilemmal cysts. A second surgical procedure successfully excised all cysts, confirming the diagnosis through histopathological examination.

Conclusion: The presented case highlights the challenges in managing recurrent trichilemmal cysts and emphasizes the importance of comprehensive surgical intervention. The benign nature of the lesions was reaffirmed through negative histopathological findings for dysplasia or malignancy. The family history of similar cystic formations raises intriguing questions about potential genetic predispositions and shared environmental factors. This case contributes valuable insights into the clinical dynamics of trichilemmal cysts and prompts further exploration into their genetic underpinnings.