中国30年平均1km分辨率历史与未来气候数据集（1991-2100）

本数据集提供中国历史时期与未来情景的30年平均气候数据，空间分辨率0.01° × 0.01°。历史数据基于中国地面气候标准值数据集（1991-2020），使用ANUSPLIN软件插值制作；未来气候数据基于CMIP6数据，采用Delta降尺度方法进行偏差校正，包含10个模型（9个全球气候模型GCM和1个等权平均计算得到的集合模型）、3种情景（SSP1-2.6、SSP2-4.5、SSP5-8.5）和3个未来时期（2021–2040年、2041–2070年、2071–2100年）。每个时段（或情景）均提供28个气候变量，分别为：5个月值基本气候变量（月均温、月最高气温、月最低气温、月降水、月日照百分率），以及在此基础上计算得到的23个生物气候变量（具体名称详见数据集说明文件Documentation.docx）。数据集经过了严格的质量评估，ANUSPLIN软件生成的历史插值结果与观测数据拟合良好，相关系数均在0.91以上。偏差校正有效提高了大多数GCM原始模拟数据的精度，使偏差降低了0.69%–58.63%，以期为相关研究提供高分辨率、偏差校正的长期历史和未来气候数据。本数据集所有计算均通过R完成，代码详见数据集文件夹“Code”。
*数据源自于科学数据银行。

This dataset provides 30-year averaged climate data for historical periods and future scenarios over China, with a spatial resolution of 0.01° × 0.01°. The historical data is based on the China Surface Climate Standard Dataset (1991–2020), produced using ANUSPLIN software for interpolation. The future climate data is based on CMIP6 data, with bias correction conducted via the Delta downscaling method, and includes 10 models (9 Global Climate Models (GCMs) and 1 ensemble model derived through equal-weight averaging), 3 emission scenarios (SSP1-2.6, SSP2-4.5, SSP5-8.5), and 3 future periods (2021–2040, 2041–2070, 2071–2100). Each period (or scenario) contains 28 climate variables: 5 monthly basic climate variables (monthly mean temperature, monthly maximum temperature, monthly minimum temperature, monthly precipitation, monthly percentage of sunshine duration) and 23 bioclimatic variables calculated based on the aforementioned variables (specific names are detailed in the dataset documentation file "Documentation.docx"). The dataset has undergone rigorous quality assessment: the historical interpolation results generated by ANUSPLIN fit well with observational data, with correlation coefficients all above 0.91. Bias correction effectively improved the accuracy of most original simulated GCM data, reducing the bias by 0.69%–58.63%. This dataset aims to provide high-resolution, bias-corrected long-term historical and future climate data for relevant research. All calculations for this dataset were completed using R, and the code is available in the "Code" folder of the dataset directory. *Data is sourced from the Science Data Bank.

搜集汇总

背景与挑战

背景概述

该数据集提供中国1991-2100年历史与未来时期的高分辨率（1公里）30年平均气候数据，涵盖28个变量包括温度和降水等。历史数据基于观测插值，未来数据基于CMIP6模型降尺度，包含多种情景和时期，并经过偏差校正以提高精度，适用于气候变化相关研究。