Half maximal effective concentration (EC₅₀) of raloxifene against <i>Leishmania</i> spp.

aParasite form: P: promastigotes; LA: lesion derived amastigotes; IA: intracelullar amastigotes. Half maximal effective concentration against promastigotes and axenic lesion-derived amastigotes was determined through MTT or MTS as described [20]; activity against L. amazonensis and L. infantum chagasi intracellular amastigotes was determined through luciferase activity or microscopic counting, respectively, as described in Material and Methods. bThe results are expressed as the mean and standard deviation (± SD) of three independent experiments, each one performed in triplicate.