Performance outcomes (sensitivity, specificity, predictive values and accuracy) of the LAM ELISA (95% CI), at different cut-points in the definite TBM and non-TBM groups, using CSF.

(2A) compares the definite TB meningitis (n = 39) and unselected non-TB meningitis (n = 54) groups. To evaluate whether other concomitantly used rapid tests could enhance the specificity of the LAM assay the data were also analysed when the non-TB groups were divided into those who had a positive Gram stain or CLAT (2B), or those non-TBM patients who had a negative Gram stain or CLAT (2C). Each of the tables (2A, 2B, 2C) has results specified using the manufacturer's cut-point, optimal cut point using Youdens index and an AUC derived cut point.*Values expressed as percentages using manufacturers cut point for urine.†Optimal cut-point as defined by Youden's index [31].‡Cut points chosen from the ROC curve to derive greater utility of LAM as a rule-in test.# AUC = Area under the curve.Sens = sensitivity, Spec = specificity, PPV = positive predictive value, NPV = negative predictive value.