Agronomic Calendars for the Bushland, Texas Maize for Grain Datasets

This dataset consists of agronomic calendars for each growing season (year) when maize (Zea mays, L., also known as corn in the United States) was grown for grain at the USDA-ARS Conservation and Production Laboratory (CPRL), Soil and Water Management Research Unit (SWMRU) research weather station, Bushland, Texas (Lat. 35.186714°, Long. -102.094189°, elevation 1170 m above MSL). Maize was grown for grain on four large, precision weighing lysimeters, each in the center of a 4.44 ha square field. The four square fields are themselves arranged in a larger square with the fields in four adjacent quadrants of the larger square. Fields and lysimeters within each field are thus designated northeast (NE), southeast (SE), northwest (NW), and southwest (SW). Irrigation was by linear move sprinkler system in 1989, 1990, and 1994. In 2013, 2016, and 2018, two lysimeters and their respective fields (NE and SE) were irrigated using subsurface drip irrigation (SDI), and two lysimeters and their respective fields (NW and SW) were irrigated by a linear move sprinkler system. Irrigations were managed to replenish soil water used by the crop on a weekly or more frequent basis as determined by soil profile water content readings made with a neutron probe to 2.4-m depth in the field. A crop calendar for each season lists by date the pertinent agronomic and maintenance operations (e.g., planting, thinning, fertilization, pesticide application, lysimeter maintenance, harvest). For each year there is a crop calendar for the two east lysimeters (NE and SE) and another calendar for the two west lysimeters (NW and SW). These datasets originate from research aimed at determining crop water use (ET), crop coefficients for use in ET-based irrigation scheduling based on a reference ET, crop growth, yield, harvest index, and crop water productivity as affected by irrigation method, timing, amount (full or some degree of deficit), agronomic practices, cultivar, and weather. Prior publications have focused on maize ET, crop coefficients, and crop water productivity. Crop coefficients have been used by ET networks. The data have utility for testing simulation models of crop ET, growth, and yield and have been used by the Agricultural Model Intercomparison and Improvement Project (AgMIP), by OPENET, and by many others for testing, and calibrating models of ET that use satellite and/or weather data.Resources in this dataset:Resource Title: 1989 Bushland, TX, east maize agronomic calendar. File Name: 1989_East_Maize_Calendar.xlsx. Resource Description: This agronomic calendar lists by date the agronomic operations on the Bushland, TX, large weighing lysimeters and surrounding fields, including tillage, planting, fertilization, pesticide application, furrow diking, irrigations, etc., and also sensor installation, sensor reading that might disturb lysimeter operation (neutron probe readings), maintenance operations such as emptying drainage tanks, adjusting lysimeter scale counterweights, electronic and electrical maintenance, etc. Amounts and kinds of fertilizer and pesticide applications are given with proper chemical names and SI units.Resource Title: 1990 Bushland, TX, east maize agronomic calendar. File Name: 1990_East_Maize_Calendar.xlsx. Resource Description: This agronomic calendar lists agronomic operations on the Bushland, TX, large weighing lysimeters and surrounding fields, including tillage, planting, fertilization, pesticide application, furrow diking, irrigations, etc., and also sensor installation, sensor reading that might disturb lysimeter operation (neutron probe readings), maintenance operations such as emptying drainage tanks, adjusting lysimeter scale counterweights, electronic and electrical maintenance, etc. Amounts and kinds of fertilizer and pesticide applications are given with proper chemical names and SI units.Resource Title: 1994 Bushland, TX, east maize agronomic calendar. File Name: 1994_East_Maize_Calendar.xlsx. Resource Description: This agronomic calendar lists agronomic operations on the Bushland, TX, large weighing lysimeters and surrounding fields, including tillage, planting, fertilization, pesticide application, furrow diking, irrigations, etc., and also sensor installation, sensor reading that might disturb lysimeter operation (neutron probe readings), maintenance operations such as emptying drainage tanks, adjusting lysimeter scale counterweights, electronic and electrical maintenance, etc. Amounts and kinds of fertilizer and pesticide applications are given with proper chemical names and SI units.Resource Title: 1994 Bushland, TX, west maize agronomic calendar. File Name: 1994_West_Maize_Calendar.xlsx. Resource Description: This agronomic calendar lists agronomic operations on the Bushland, TX, large weighing lysimeters and surrounding fields, including tillage, planting, fertilization, pesticide application, furrow diking, irrigations, etc., and also sensor installation, sensor reading that might disturb lysimeter operation (neutron probe readings), maintenance operations such as emptying drainage tanks, adjusting lysimeter scale counterweights, electronic and electrical maintenance, etc. Amounts and kinds of fertilizer and pesticide applications are given with proper chemical names and SI units.Resource Title: 2013 Bushland, TX, east maize agronomic calendar. File Name: 2013_East_Maize-Calendar.xlsx. Resource Description: This agronomic calendar lists agronomic operations on the Bushland, TX, large weighing lysimeters and surrounding fields, including tillage, planting, fertilization, pesticide application, furrow diking, irrigations, etc., and also sensor installation, sensor reading that might disturb lysimeter operation (neutron probe readings), maintenance operations such as emptying drainage tanks, adjusting lysimeter scale counterweights, electronic and electrical maintenance, etc. Amounts and kinds of fertilizer and pesticide applications are given with proper chemical names and SI units.Resource Title: 2013 Bushland, TX, west maize agronomic calendar. File Name: 2013_West_Maize_Calendar.xlsx. Resource Description: This agronomic calendar lists by date the agronomic operations on the Bushland, TX, large weighing lysimeters and surrounding fields, including tillage, planting, fertilization, pesticide application, furrow diking, irrigations, etc., and also sensor installation, sensor reading that might disturb lysimeter operation (neutron probe readings), maintenance operations such as emptying drainage tanks, adjusting lysimeter scale counterweights, electronic and electrical maintenance, etc. Amounts and kinds of fertilizer and pesticide applications are given with proper chemical names and SI units.Resource Title: 2018 Bushland, TX, west maize agronomic calendar. File Name: 2018_West_Maize_Calendar.xlsx. Resource Description: This agronomic calendar lists by date the agronomic operations on the Bushland, TX, large weighing lysimeters and surrounding fields, including tillage, planting, fertilization, pesticide application, furrow diking, irrigations, etc., and also sensor installation, sensor reading that might disturb lysimeter operation (neutron probe readings), maintenance operations such as emptying drainage tanks, adjusting lysimeter scale counterweights, electronic and electrical maintenance, etc. Amounts and kinds of fertilizer and pesticide applications are given with proper chemical names and SI units.Resource Title: 2018 Bushland, TX, east maize agronomic calendar. File Name: 2018_East_Maize_Calendar.xlsx. Resource Description: This agronomic calendar lists by date the agronomic operations on the Bushland, TX, large weighing lysimeters and surrounding fields, including tillage, planting, fertilization, pesticide application, furrow diking, irrigations, etc., and also sensor installation, sensor reading that might disturb lysimeter operation (neutron probe readings), maintenance operations such as emptying drainage tanks, adjusting lysimeter scale counterweights, electronic and electrical maintenance, etc. Amounts and kinds of fertilizer and pesticide applications are given with proper chemical names and SI units.Resource Title: 2016 Bushland, TX, west maize agronomic calendar. File Name: 2016_West_Maize_Calendar.xlsx. Resource Description: This agronomic calendar lists by date the agronomic operations on the Bushland, TX, large weighing lysimeters and surrounding fields, including tillage, planting, fertilization, pesticide application, furrow diking, irrigations, etc., and also sensor installation, sensor reading that might disturb lysimeter operation (neutron probe readings), maintenance operations such as emptying drainage tanks, adjusting lysimeter scale counterweights, electronic and electrical maintenance, etc. Amounts and kinds of fertilizer and pesticide applications are given with proper chemical names and SI units.Resource Title: 2016 Bushland, TX, east maize agronomic calendar. File Name: 2016_East_Maize_Calendar.xlsx. Resource Description: This agronomic calendar lists by date the agronomic operations on the Bushland, TX, large weighing lysimeters and surrounding fields, including tillage, planting, fertilization, pesticide application, furrow diking, irrigations, etc., and also sensor installation, sensor reading that might disturb lysimeter operation (neutron probe readings), maintenance operations such as emptying drainage tanks, adjusting lysimeter scale counterweights, electronic and electrical maintenance, etc. Amounts and kinds of fertilizer and pesticide applications are given with proper chemical names and SI units.

本数据集包含在每个生长季节（年份）美国农业部-ARS水土保持与生产实验室（CPRL）、土壤与水资源管理研究单元（SWMRU）研究气象站在德克萨斯州布什兰（纬度 35.186714°，经度 -102.094189°，海拔1170米以上海平面）种植玉米（Zea mays L.，在美国亦称玉米）为谷物时的农事历。玉米种植于四个大型、精准称重蒸散量计中，每个蒸散量计位于4.44公顷正方形田地的中心。这四个正方形田地本身又排列在一个更大的正方形中，田地位于较大正方形的四个相邻象限。每个田地内的田地和蒸散量计分别被标识为东北（NE）、东南（SE）、西北（NW）和西南（SW）。1989年、1990年和1994年，灌溉采用线性移动喷灌系统。2013年、2016年和2018年，两个蒸散量计及其相应田地（NE和SE）采用地下滴灌（SDI）进行灌溉，而另外两个蒸散量计及其相应田地（NW和SW）则通过线性移动喷灌系统进行灌溉。灌溉管理旨在根据土壤剖面水分含量读数（使用中子探针在田间深达2.4米）确定的作物所需土壤水分，以每周或更频繁的频率补充土壤水分。每个季节的作物历按日期列出相关的农事和维护操作（例如，播种、疏苗、施肥、农药施用、蒸散量计维护、收割）。对于每年，有两个作物历分别针对两个东部蒸散量计（NE和SE）和两个西部蒸散量计（NW和SW）。这些数据集源于旨在确定作物水分利用（ET）、基于参考ET的ET-灌溉调度中使用的作物系数、作物生长、产量、收获指数以及受灌溉方法、时间、数量（完全或一定程度的水分亏缺）、农艺实践、品种和天气影响的水分生产力方面的研究。先前的研究集中于玉米ET、作物系数和作物水分生产力。作物系数已被ET网络所采用。这些数据对测试作物ET、生长和产量的模拟模型具有实用性，并被农业模型互评与改进项目（AgMIP）、OPENET以及许多人用于测试和校准使用卫星和/或气象数据的ET模型。数据集中的资源包括：资源标题：1989年布什兰，德克萨斯州，东部玉米农事历。文件名：1989_East_Maize_Calendar.xlsx。资源描述：本农事历按日期列出布什兰，德克萨斯州大型称重蒸散量计及其周围田地的农事操作，包括耕作、播种、施肥、农药施用、沟埂筑堤、灌溉等，以及传感器安装、可能干扰蒸散量计操作（中子探针读数）的传感器读取，维护操作如排空排水池、调整蒸散量计秤重、电子和电气维护等。施肥和农药施用的量和种类以适当的化学名称和SI单位给出。资源标题：1990年布什兰，德克萨斯州，东部玉米农事历。文件名：1990_East_Maize_Calendar.xlsx。资源描述：本农事历列出布什兰，德克萨斯州大型称重蒸散量计及其周围田地的农事操作，包括耕作、播种、施肥、农药施用、沟埂筑堤、灌溉等，以及传感器安装、可能干扰蒸散量计操作（中子探针读数）的传感器读取，维护操作如排空排水池、调整蒸散量计秤重、电子和电气维护等。施肥和农药施用的量和种类以适当的化学名称和SI单位给出。资源标题：1994年布什兰，德克萨斯州，东部玉米农事历。文件名：1994_East_Maize_Calendar.xlsx。资源描述：本农事历列出布什兰，德克萨斯州大型称重蒸散量计及其周围田地的农事操作，包括耕作、播种、施肥、农药施用、沟埂筑堤、灌溉等，以及传感器安装、可能干扰蒸散量计操作（中子探针读数）的传感器读取，维护操作如排空排水池、调整蒸散量计秤重、电子和电气维护等。施肥和农药施用的量和种类以适当的化学名称和SI单位给出。资源标题：1994年布什兰，德克萨斯州，西部玉米农事历。文件名：1994_West_Maize_Calendar.xlsx。资源描述：本农事历列出布什兰，德克萨斯州大型称重蒸散量计及其周围田地的农事操作，包括耕作、播种、施肥、农药施用、沟埂筑堤、灌溉等，以及传感器安装、可能干扰蒸散量计操作（中子探针读数）的传感器读取，维护操作如排空排水池、调整蒸散量计秤重、电子和电气维护等。施肥和农药施用的量和种类以适当的化学名称和SI单位给出。资源标题：2013年布什兰，德克萨斯州，东部玉米农事历。文件名：2013_East_Maize-Calendar.xlsx。资源描述：本农事历按日期列出布什兰，德克萨斯州大型称重蒸散量计及其周围田地的农事操作，包括耕作、播种、施肥、农药施用、沟埂筑堤、灌溉等，以及传感器安装、可能干扰蒸散量计操作（中子探针读数）的传感器读取，维护操作如排空排水池、调整蒸散量计秤重、电子和电气维护等。施肥和农药施用的量和种类以适当的化学名称和SI单位给出。资源标题：2013年布什兰，德克萨斯州，西部玉米农事历。文件名：2013_West_Maize_Calendar.xlsx。资源描述：本农事历按日期列出布什兰，德克萨斯州大型称重蒸散量计及其周围田地的农事操作，包括耕作、播种、施肥、农药施用、沟埂筑堤、灌溉等，以及传感器安装、可能干扰蒸散量计操作（中子探针读数）的传感器读取，维护操作如排空排水池、调整蒸散量计秤重、电子和电气维护等。施肥和农药施用的量和种类以适当的化学名称和SI单位给出。资源标题：2018年布什兰，德克萨斯州，西部玉米农事历。文件名：2018_West_Maize_Calendar.xlsx。资源描述：本农事历按日期列出布什兰，德克萨斯州大型称重蒸散量计及其周围田地的农事操作，包括耕作、播种、施肥、农药施用、沟埂筑堤、灌溉等，以及传感器安装、可能干扰蒸散量计操作（中子探针读数）的传感器读取，维护操作如排空排水池、调整蒸散量计秤重、电子和电气维护等。施肥和农药施用的量和种类以适当的化学名称和SI单位给出。资源标题：2018年布什兰，德克萨斯州，东部玉米农事历。文件名：2018_East_Maize_Calendar.xlsx。资源描述：本农事历按日期列出布什兰，德克萨斯州大型称重蒸散量计及其周围田地的农事操作，包括耕作、播种、施肥、农药施用、沟埂筑堤、灌溉等，以及传感器安装、可能干扰蒸散量计操作（中子探针读数）的传感器读取，维护操作如排空排水池、调整蒸散量计秤重、电子和电气维护等。施肥和农药施用的量和种类以适当的化学名称和SI单位给出。资源标题：2016年布什兰，德克萨斯州，西部玉米农事历。文件名：2016_West_Maize_Calendar.xlsx。资源描述：本农事历列出布什兰，德克萨斯州大型称重蒸散量计及其周围田地的农事操作，包括耕作、播种、施肥、农药施用、沟埂筑堤、灌溉等，以及传感器安装、可能干扰蒸散量计操作（中子探针读数）的传感器读取，维护操作如排空排水池、调整蒸散量计秤重、电子和电气维护等。施肥和农药施用的量和种类以适当的化学名称和SI单位给出。资源标题：2016年布什兰，德克萨斯州，东部玉米农事历。文件名：2016_East_Maize_Calendar.xlsx。资源描述：本农事历按日期列出布什兰，德克萨斯州大型称重蒸散量计及其周围田地的农事操作，包括耕作、播种、施肥、农药施用、沟埂筑堤、灌溉等，以及传感器安装、可能干扰蒸散量计操作（中子探针读数）的传感器读取，维护操作如排空排水池、调整蒸散量计秤重、电子和电气维护等。施肥和农药施用的量和种类以适当的化学名称和SI单位给出。