Sentence disambiguation in the phonology-syntax-semantic interface

Abstract: We start from the results presented by Angelo & Santos (2017) on the disambiguation of sentences based on prosodic clues to try to clarify an issue that was unsolved in their research. The authors applied a comprehension task regarding sentences with NP1-V-NP2-Attribute structure (e.g. O pai visitou o filho feliz, ‘The father visited the son happy’ – ambiguous structure in Portuguese). One of their conclusions was that syllable stretching in the NP2 formed distinct prosodic domains between NP2 and the Attribute ([visitou o filhoϕ] [felizϕ], ‘[visited the sonφ] [happyφ]’), and that favors a non-local interpretation of the Attribute (one in which the Attribute is interpreted as modifying the subject, NP1, and not object, NP2). However, the authors noticed a variation between interpretations with local and nonlocal apposition in the comprehension of sentences without prosodic elongation. That is, according to the authors, the absence of prosodic marking would not favor one or the other interpretation, whereas elongated prosodic marking would favor a non-local interpretation. In our work, we argue that the disambiguation of this type of sentence depends basically on the resolution of a conflict between three different grammatical principles that are acting together in the disambiguation of sentences with this structure: a prosodic principle, a syntactic-computational principle and a semantic-pragmatic principle. In order to prove our point, we developed an off-line sentence comprehension test and applied it to 270 informants. Our results point to an interaction between these three principles in the resolution of the ambiguity of these sentences.