Spatially targeted inhibitory rhythms differentially affect neuronal integration

This dataset contains simulation output from a biophysical model of a cortical pyramidal neuron receiving excitatory Poisson input and inhibitory input that was either Poisson or rhythmically modulated. The simulations investigated how beta (16 Hz) and gamma (64 Hz) inhibitory rhythms targeted to different dendritic compartments (distal dendrites vs. perisomatic region) differentially affect dendritic spike generation and somatic action potential output.

Key findings:

- Beta (16 Hz) inhibition on distal dendrites strongly entrains Ca²⁺, NMDA, and Na⁺ dendritic spikes in a phase-dependent manner, with ~75% modulation depth.

- Gamma (64 Hz) inhibition on the perisomatic region minimally modulates dendritic spikes but modulates action potential generation by shifting the somatic voltage threshold via shunting.

- Excitation/inhibition balance effects differ by location: lagging perisomatic inhibition reduces firing, while lagging distal inhibition decreases firing up to 125 ms lag then recovers.

- Beta is the fastest rhythm capable of coordinating dendritic spike entrainment across the full dendritic tree.

- Oscillatory bursts of both rhythms reproduce their tonic effects within the first few burst cycles.

- Clustered excitatory inputs are bidirectionally modulated in a location-dependent manner: beta modulates distal apical inputs, gamma modulates proximal basal inputs.