Study on dynamic response and energy transfer of the internal pipes of the utility tunnel based on oblique incidence of SV waves

Over recent years, research has found that the oblique propagation of seismic waves exerts a substantial influence on the dynamic response of subterranean structures. However, research concerning the response characteristics of the internal pipes of utility tunnel under the oblique incidence of SV waves in horizontal non-uniform site remains notably scarce. Therefore, based on the above hot issues, this paper derives the equivalent nodal force equations applicable to three-dimensional oblique incidence of SV waves and simulates them using finite element software and plug-ins. The results show that the damage of SV wave oblique incidence on the pipes inside the utility tunnel is greater. Soil type significantly influences the response of pipe, and the seismic wave energy transfer mechanism is affected by the form of pipe support and seismic wave incidence angle.