Innate immune signatures to a partially-efficacious HIV vaccine predict correlates of HIV-1 infection risk

Using specimens from a phase 1b trial of the RV144 regimen in HIV-1-uninfected South Africans (HVTN 097), we profiled innate responses to the first ALVAC-HIV immunization. PBMC transcriptional responses peaked 1 day post-vaccination. Type I and II interferon signaling pathways were activated, as were innate pathways critical for adaptive immune priming. NGS transcriptome profiling using RNA-seq of PBMC speciments from a phase 1b trial in HIV-1 uninfected South Africans (HVTN 097), at baseline and days 1,3, and 7 post vaccination.