Crash Report Sampling System

The National Highway Traffic Safety Administration has collected crash
data since the early 1970s to support its mission to reduce motor
vehicle crashes, injuries, and deaths on our nation’s highways. The
Crash Report Sampling System (CRSS) builds on the retired, long-running
National Automotive Sampling System General Estimates System (NASS GES).
CRSS is a sample of police-reported crashes involving all types of
motor vehicles, pedestrians, and cyclists, ranging from
property-damage-only crashes to those that result in fatalities. CRSS is
used to estimate the overall crash picture, identify highway safety
problem areas, measure trends, drive consumer information initiatives,
and form the basis for cost and benefit analyses of highway safety
initiatives and regulations. NHTSA’s crash data collection program
consists of CRSS, the Fatality Analysis Reporting System, the Crash
Investigation Sampling System, Special Crash Investigations, Non-Traffic
Surveillance, the Crash Injury Research & Engineering Network, and
special studies conducted to address various safety topics.<br>Source: https://www.nhtsa.gov/crash-data-systems/crash-report-sampling-system<br><br>One of the primary objectives of the National Highway Traffic Safety Administration (NHTSA) is to reduce the human toll and property damage that motor vehicle traffic crashes inflict on our society. Crashes each year result in thousands of lives lost, hundreds of thousands of injured victims, and billions of dollars in property damage. Accurate data are required to support the development, implementation, and assessment of highway safety programs aimed at reducing this toll. NHTSA uses data from many sources, including the Crash Report Sampling System (CRSS). CRSS is a sample of police-reported crashes involving all types of motor vehicles, pedestrians, and cyclists, ranging from property damage only crashes to those that result in fatalities. CRSS is used to estimate the overall crash picture, identify highway safety problem areas, measure trends, drive consumer information initiatives, and form the basis for cost and benefit analyses of highway safety initiatives and regulations.<br>CRSS obtains its data from a nationally representative probability sample selected from the more than 6 million police-reported crashes that occur annually. Although various sources suggest that there are many more crashes that are not reported to the police, the majority of these unreported crashes involve only minor property damage and no significant personal injury. By restricting attention to police-reported crashes, CRSS concentrates on those crashes of greatest concern to the highway safety community and the general public.<br><br>Source: Crash Report Sampling System Analytical User’s Manual, 2016-2023<br><br><br><br>

美国国家公路交通安全管理局（National Highway Traffic Safety Administration，NHTSA）自20世纪70年代初起便开始收集碰撞事故数据，以支撑其履行降低本国公路机动车碰撞、人员伤亡及死亡事件的核心使命。碰撞报告抽样系统（Crash Report Sampling System，CRSS）基于已退役的长期运行的全国汽车抽样系统通用估计系统（National Automotive Sampling System General Estimates System，NASS GES）建立。CRSS是针对警方上报的各类碰撞事故的抽样数据集，涵盖全类型机动车、行人与骑行者相关事故，范围覆盖从仅造成财产损失的碰撞到致死性事故。CRSS可用于估算全国整体碰撞态势、识别公路交通安全隐患区域、追踪事故趋势、推动消费者信息倡议，以及为公路交通安全倡议与监管政策的成本效益分析提供依据。NHTSA的事故数据收集项目包括CRSS、死亡分析报告系统（Fatality Analysis Reporting System）、碰撞调查抽样系统（Crash Investigation Sampling System）、专项碰撞调查、非交通监控、碰撞伤害研究与工程网络（Crash Injury Research & Engineering Network，CIREN），以及针对各类安全主题开展的专项研究。<br>来源：https://www.nhtsa.gov/crash-data-systems/crash-report-sampling-system<br><br>美国国家公路交通安全管理局（NHTSA）的核心目标之一，是减轻机动车交通碰撞给社会带来的人员伤亡与财产损失。每年的碰撞事故都会造成数千人丧生、数十万人受伤，以及数十亿美元的财产损失。要制定、实施并评估旨在降低此类损失的公路交通安全项目，离不开准确的事故数据支撑。NHTSA依托包括CRSS在内的多类数据源开展相关工作。CRSS为警方上报的全类型机动车、行人与骑行者碰撞事故的抽样数据集，覆盖从仅财产损失到致死性事故的各类场景，其用途包括估算全国整体碰撞态势、识别公路交通安全隐患区域、追踪事故趋势、推动消费者信息倡议，以及为公路交通安全倡议与监管政策的成本效益分析提供依据。<br>CRSS的数据来源于从每年逾600万起警方上报的碰撞事故中抽取的全国代表性概率样本。尽管有各类资料显示，未向警方上报的碰撞事故数量更多，但其中绝大多数仅涉及轻微财产损失且未造成显著人身伤害。因此，CRSS将分析范围限定于警方上报的事故，聚焦于公路交通安全领域与公众最为关注的碰撞事件。<br><br>来源：《2016-2023年碰撞报告抽样系统分析用户手册》<br><br><br><br>