Quantitative Data various Criteria category, sub-criteria for meta-survey of ODMs

Quantitative content analysis further supports objective and replicable investigation by measuring the frequency of entities, terms, or predefined categories to reveal statistical patterns and relationships. In contrast, qualitative content analysis adopts an interpretive perspective to uncover underlying themes, contextual meanings, and subjective insights, often allowing categories to emerge inductively from the data. Together, these complementary methods provide a rigorous foundation for both descriptive measurement and in-depth thematic understanding. In this study, both quantitative and qualitative content analysis were employed to analyze 45 SPs. To ensure rigor and comprehensiveness, a structured set of criteria was used to guide data collection and interpretation. This structured set of criteria was guided by our RQs, to facilitate deeper content analysis. These criteria are grouped into four main categories: Basic Survey Information, ODM Coverage, Comparison Approach, Research Context