CONTRASTIVE CHARACTERISTICS OF THE ENGLISH AND UZBEK LANGUAGES IN THE LIGHT OF INTERFERENCE AND FACILITATION PHENOMENA

This article examines the contrastive characteristics of the English and Uzbek languages through the prism of linguistic interference and facilitation phenomena. The study analyzes phonetic, lexical, grammatical, and syntactic differences and similarities between the two languages and their influence on second language acquisition. Particular attention is paid to the difficulties encountered by Uzbek learners while mastering English and the positive transfer mechanisms that facilitate foreign language learning. The research is based on comparative linguistics, contrastive analysis, psycholinguistics, and modern methods of language teaching. The findings demonstrate that interference mainly appears at phonological, grammatical, and lexical levels, while facilitation contributes to the development of communicative competence and accelerates language acquisition through similarities in semantic structures and universal linguistic categories. The article also highlights the importance of applying contrastive analysis in English language teaching methodology in Uzbekistan. The practical significance of the research lies in the development of effective pedagogical strategies aimed at minimizing negative transfer and enhancing positive transfer in foreign language instruction.