Comparative Lipidomics Analysis of Human and Ruminant Milk Reveals Variation in Composition and Structural Characteristics

In the present study, the different lipidomes between
human milk
and ruminant milk were compared. The 471, 376, 467, and 87 differential
lipids were identified in human versus cow, goat, sheep, and camel
groups, respectively. According to multivariate statistical analysis,
lipids in human and camel milk were closer but differed from other
milk. The distributions of long-chain and polyunsaturated fatty acids
of triglycerides (TGs), the proportions of functional TGs (OPO, OPL,
and PPO), and many kinds of phospholipids (PLs) (PS, PI, GD, GM3,
and Cer) in human milk were similar to those in camel milk. The similar
structure of TGs and proportion of PLs in human milk to camel milk
might contribute to their similar digestion and bioactivity properties.
Camel milk could be considered as a new resource of lipid base for
infant formula. Minor PLs should also be considered for designing
formula. Our results provide a new sight for humanized lipids in infant
formula.