Scaling Up SARS-COV-2 Testing to Serve Latinx Communities

Background: The purpose of this study was to address the disproportionate COVID-19 burden experienced by Latinx communities in Oregon. Although Latinx individuals represented only 13 percent of the state population, they accounted for roughly 44 percent of COVID-19 cases. National data showed similar disparities, with Latinx people hospitalized at four times the rate of White individuals, and experienced higher morbidity and mortality. This study sought to increase testing reach, access, and uptake by implementing a culturally tailored community outreach and testing program, supported by a team of prevention scientists, public health experts, Latinx researchers, biologists, and community partners already conducting SARS-CoV-2 testing early in the pandemic.

Materials/Methods: The study used a two-arm randomized controlled trial across 39 testing sites in nine Oregon counties. Sites were randomized to either Basic Outreach or the Promotores de Salud intervention. A booster was offered to participants at Promotores sites, consisting of an in-person session and a written pamphlet about health behaviors, while control participants received only the pamphlet. The study collected individual-level survey data during testing visits and again one month later. Site and community-level assessments were conducted at immediate, mid-term, and primary outcome timepoints to evaluate intervention effects. Prior to trial implementation, the team established a CLIA-certified lab, refined molecular testing protocols, trained field staff, procured equipment, and partnered with county public health offices and hospitals. A community needs assessment using community-based participatory methods gathered feedback from Latinx community members on communication strategies, health messages, and testing processes. The study also supported multiple county-led testing sites serving Latinx communities.

Outcome/Impact: The study increased understanding of effective, culturally grounded strategies to expand testing uptake among Latinx communities and demonstrated that Promotores de Salud enhanced engagement, testing participation, and adoption of recommended health behaviors. The work helped communities build sustainable testing frameworks supported by laboratory capacity, logistical support, and systems for tracking testing rates and health behaviors.