Dysprosium speciation and mobility in chloride- and sulfate-bearing Hydrothermal Fluids

Rare earth elements (REE), particularly dysprosium (Dy), are essential for the transition to a digital, decarbonized, and sustainable economy due to their applications in clean energy and electric car industries. Despite advances in studying REE behavior in hydrothermal fluids, Dy speciation in hydrothermal sulphate and chloride-bearing fluids at high temperatures and pressures remains poorly understood. We aim to measure the coordination structure and solubility of Dy chloride and sulphate complexes, and explore the fractionation of Dy between sulfate-melt and sulfate-hydrothermal fluid at high P-T upt to 500 oC and 800 bars using in situ XAS techniques. Additionally, we will conduct ab initio molecular dynamic simulations to support experimental data. The expected outcomes include a comprehensive understanding of Dy behavior in hydrothermal systems, improved models for predicting Dy mobility, and the development of more efficient and environmentally friendly extraction methods.