Summary of S. Typhi deletion mutants.

aLoci which have been inactivated in each of the 28 markerless deletion mutants created for this study are listed. Numbers or characters in bold among a gene cluster represent ORF(s) or genes selected following initial screening through macrophages.bLog2 of output/input values for genes identified following screening of mutant pool through macrophages. For gene clusters, the fold-changes are associated to selected genes (bold) among the cluster.cPhenotypes have been deduced from results of competitive assays in combination with those from individual infections performed in this study using S. Typhi deletion mutants, the wild-type strain, and the nalidixic acid-resistant wild-type strain (DEF566).dGene or ORF products which are among S. Typhi antigens detected in blood of typhoid fever patients according to previous studies [56]–[58].ePercentages represent mutant swimming diameter in mm divided by that of the wild-type, thus indicating the level of motility remaining for the mutants in comparison to the wild-type. Results represent the mean ± standard error of the mean (SEM) of at least three independent experimental replicates and Student's two-tailed t-test was used for statistical analysis.fValues were obtained by subtracting mutant inhibition diameter in mm by that of the wild-type. Results represent the mean ± SEM of at least two independent experimental replicates and Student's two-tailed t-test was used for statistical analysis.gResults for mutant are significantly different from those of the wild-type (PhND, no defects during interaction with macrophages are reported in previously published literature on Salmonella serovars other than Typhi.iPseudogene in S. Typhi strains CT18 [66] and Ty2 [99].jUnique to S. Typhi compared to S. Typhimurium [66].kMotility assay was done at 37°C for ΔtypA, instead of 30°C used for other mutants, since this mutant exhibited reduced in vitro growth at 30°C (data not shown).