Based on the data related to the crime of intentional injury from the China Judgments Online.

The data used in this study were sourced from first-instance judgments of intentional injury cases published on China Judgments Online between 2001 and 2021. Through systematic screening and cleaning of over 320,000 original documents, a standardized dataset containing 192,364 valid judgments was ultimately constructed. This dataset not only comprehensively records social characteristics of defendants such as gender, age, education level, and household registration type, but also precisely annotates legal variables including injury outcomes, sentencing circumstances, and joint crime participation. Through an innovative "sentencing severity index," diverse penalty types were unified into comparable metrics. Particularly noteworthy is the study's creative use of the number of Chastity Arches from the Ming and Qing dynasties as a proxy variable for regional gender culture, enabling cross-validation between macro historical-cultural dimensions and micro-level judicial decision-making. This judicial database, characterized by its scale, multidimensionality, and spatiotemporal depth, provides a solid empirical foundation for in-depth analysis of gender disparities in Chinese judicial practice.