USA Wetlands

Wetlands are areas where water is present at or near the surface of the soil during at least part of the year. Wetlands provide habitat for many species of plants and animals that are adapted to living in wet habitats. Wetlands form characteristic soils, absorb pollutants and excess nutrients from aquatic systems, help buffer the effects of high flows, and recharge groundwater. Data on the distribution and type of wetland play an important role in land use planning and several federal and state laws require that wetlands be considered during the planning process. The National Wetlands Inventory (NWI) was designed to assist land managers in wetland conservation efforts. The NWI is managed by the US Fish and Wildlife Service. Dataset Summary Phenomenon Mapped: Wetlands Geographic Extent: 50 United States plus Puerto Rico, American Samoa, the US Virgin Islands, the Northern Mariana Islands, and US Minor Outlying Islands Projection: North America Albers Equal Area Conic (WKID 102008) Data Coordinate System: North America Albers Equal Area Conic (WKID 102008) Units: Meters Cell Size: 10 meters Source Type: Thematic Pixel Type: Unsigned integer 16 bit Source: U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service Update Frequency: Annual Publication Date: April 2026 This layer was created from the April 2026 version of the NWI. The original NWI features were downloaded from USFWS and then converted to a single part feature class using the Multipart To Singlepart tool. After that, the Dice tool was used to break up features larger than 50,000 vertices. The diced, singlepart features were projected to North America Albers projection, then the Repair Geometry tool was run on the features, using tool defaults, to prepare it for a clean rasterization. The features were then converted to several 10 meter rasters in North America Albers projection using the Polygon to Raster Tool. The National Land Cover Dataset was used as a snap raster for the rasterization process. The rasters representing different parts of the USA are served together as a single layer from a mosaic dataset on the server. This layer includes attributes from the original dataset as well as attributes added by Esri for use in the default pop-up and to allow the user to query and filter the data. NWI derived attributes: Wetland Code - a code that identifies specific attributes of the wetland Wetland Type - one of 8 wetland types Esri created attributes: System - code indicating the system and subsystem of the wetland Class - code indicating the class and subclass of the wetland Modifier 1, Modifier 2, Modifier 3, Modifier 4 - these four fields contain letter codes for modifiers applied to the wetland description System Name - the name of the system (Marine, Estuarine, Riverine, Lacustrine, or Palustrine) Subsystem Name - the name of the subsystem Class Name - the name of the class Subclass Name - the name of the subclass Modifier 1 Name, Modifier 2 Name, Modifier 3 Name , Modifier 4 Name - these four fields contain names for modifiers applied to the wetland description Popup Header - this field contains a text string that is used to create the header in the default pop-up System Text - this field contains a text string that is used to create the system description text in the default pop-up Class Text - this field contains a text string that is used to create the class description text in the default pop-up Modifier Text - this field contains a text string that is used to create the modifier description text in the default pop-up Species Text - this field contains a text string that is used to create the species description text in the default pop-up Codes, names, and text fields were derived from the publication Classification of Wetlands and Deepwater Habitats of the United States. The layer serves an index value from a mosaic dataset on the enterprise server. It uses an attribute table function on the mosaic to serve the attributes that appear in the popup for the layer. Because there are more than 2,000 integer values served by the layer, most map clients can not render a legend for this layer. A colormap is used after the attribute table function on the mosaic dataset to help the layer render in the colors intended for the layer. What can you do with this layer? This layer is suitable for both visualization and analysis across the ArcGIS system. This layer can be combined with your data and other layers from the ArcGIS Living Atlas of the World in ArcGIS Online and ArcGIS Pro to create powerful web maps that can be used alone or in a story map or other application. Because this layer is part of the ArcGIS Living Atlas of the World it is easy to add to your map: In ArcGIS Online you can add this layer to a map by selecting Add then Browse Living Atlas Layers. A window will open. Type "USA Wetlands" in the search box and browse to the layer. Select the layer then click Add to Map. In ArcGIS Pro open a map and select Add Data from the Map Tab. Select Data at the top of the drop down menu. The Add Data dialog box will open on the left side of the box, expand Portal if necessary, then select Living Atlas. Type "USA Wetlands" in the search box, browse to the layer then click OK. In ArcGIS Pro you can use the built-in raster functions to create custom extracts of the data. Imagery layers provide fast, powerful inputs to geoprocessing tools, models, or Python scripts in Pro. The ArcGIS Living Atlas of the World provides an easy way to explore many other beautiful and authoritative maps on hundreds of topics like this one. Questions? Please leave a comment below if you have a question about this layer, and we will get back to you as soon as possible.湿地是指一年中至少有一段时间内，土壤表面或近表层存在积水的区域。湿地为诸多适应湿生生境的动植物物种提供了栖息场所。湿地会形成特有的土壤，能够吸收水生系统中的污染物与过剩营养盐，助力缓冲洪水冲击，并补给地下水。湿地的分布与类型数据在土地利用规划中具有重要作用，多项联邦及州级法律均要求在规划过程中纳入湿地考量因素。 国家湿地普查（National Wetlands Inventory，NWI）旨在协助土地管理者开展湿地保护工作，由美国鱼类及野生动物管理局（U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service）负责管理。 ## 数据集摘要 **制图对象**：湿地 **地理覆盖范围**：美国本土50州，外加波多黎各、美属萨摩亚、美属维尔京群岛、北马里亚纳群岛以及美国本土外小岛屿 **投影坐标系**：北美阿尔伯斯等积圆锥投影（WKID 102008） **数据坐标系**：北美阿尔伯斯等积圆锥投影（WKID 102008） **单位**：米 **像元大小**：10米 **数据源类型**：专题数据 **像素类型**：无符号16位整数 **数据来源**：美国鱼类及野生动物管理局（U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service） **更新频率**：年度更新 **发布日期**：2026年4月 本图层基于2026年4月版的NWI数据集制作。原始NWI要素数据从美国鱼类及野生动物管理局下载获取，随后通过多部件转单部件工具（Multipart To Singlepart tool）转换为单部件要素类；之后使用分割工具（Dice tool）将顶点数超过50000的要素进行分割。 经分割处理后的单部件要素被投影至北美阿尔伯斯坐标系，随后使用修复几何工具（Repair Geometry tool）并采用工具默认参数对要素进行修复，以保障后续栅格化流程的准确性。 随后通过要素转栅格工具（Polygon to Raster Tool）将修复后的要素转换为北美阿尔伯斯坐标系下的多个10米分辨率栅格数据集，栅格化过程以国家土地覆盖数据集（National Land Cover Dataset）作为快照栅格。 代表美国不同区域的栅格数据集通过服务器上的镶嵌数据集整合为单个图层进行发布。 本图层包含原始数据集的属性字段，以及Esri新增的属性字段，用于默认弹窗展示及支持用户对数据进行查询与筛选： ### 源自NWI的属性字段： 1. **湿地代码**：用于标识湿地具体属性的编码 2. **湿地类型**：属于8种湿地类型之一 ### Esri新增属性字段： 1. **系统编码**：标识湿地系统与子系统的编码 2. **类别编码**：标识湿地类别与子类别的编码 3. **修饰符1/2/3/4**：四个字段分别存储用于湿地描述的字母修饰符编码 4. **系统名称**：湿地系统名称（海洋、河口、河流、湖泊或内陆淡水湿地） 5. **子系统名称**：湿地子系统名称 6. **类别名称**：湿地类别名称 7. **子类名称**：湿地子类名称 8. **修饰符1/2/3/4名称**：四个字段分别存储湿地描述中使用的修饰符名称 9. **弹窗标题**：用于生成默认弹窗标题的文本字符串 10. **系统说明文本**：用于在默认弹窗中生成系统说明的文本字符串 11. **类别说明文本**：用于在默认弹窗中生成类别说明的文本字符串 12. **修饰符说明文本**：用于在默认弹窗中生成修饰符说明的文本字符串 13. **物种说明文本**：用于在默认弹窗中生成物种说明的文本字符串 上述编码、名称及文本字段均源自《美国湿地与深水栖息地分类标准》（Classification of Wetlands and Deepwater Habitats of the United States）。 本图层通过企业级服务器上的镶嵌数据集提供索引值服务，借助镶嵌数据集上的属性表函数加载弹窗中展示的属性信息。由于本图层承载了超过2000个整数值，多数地图客户端无法为其生成图例。因此，镶嵌数据集在属性表函数后附加了色彩映射表，以确保图层按照预设配色进行渲染。 ## 本图层的应用场景 本图层适用于ArcGIS生态系统中的可视化与分析工作。可在ArcGIS Online与ArcGIS Pro中，将本图层与自有数据及ArcGIS世界生活地图集（ArcGIS Living Atlas of the World）的其他图层结合，制作可独立使用、或用于故事地图及其他应用场景的高性能Web地图。 由于本图层隶属于ArcGIS世界生活地图集，添加至地图的流程十分简便： 1. **ArcGIS Online**：选择「添加」→「浏览生活地图集图层」，在弹出的窗口中搜索"USA Wetlands"，找到目标图层后点击「添加至地图」即可。 2. **ArcGIS Pro**：打开地图后，在「地图」选项卡中选择「添加数据」，在下拉菜单中选择「数据」；在左侧弹出的「添加数据」对话框中，展开「门户」（如有需要）并选择「生活地图集」，搜索"USA Wetlands"并找到目标图层后点击「确定」。 在ArcGIS Pro中，还可使用内置的栅格函数对数据进行自定义提取。影像图层可为Pro中的地理处理工具、模型或Python脚本提供高效且强大的输入数据源。 ArcGIS世界生活地图集提供了便捷的途径，供用户探索数百个主题下的众多优质权威地图，本图层即为其中一例。 ## 问题反馈 如有关于本图层的疑问，请在下方留言，我们将尽快回复。