Data from: Male long-distance migrant turned sedentary; The West European pond bat (Myotis dasycneme) alters their migration and hibernation behaviour

Winter survey data, temperature data and mark recapture data of Myotis dasycneme. This study aimed to better understand the migration, mating and hibernation choices of the pond bat. The study area covered the whole of the Netherlands, Belgium and East Frisia (northwest Germany). We defined two study periods, data collected between 1930 and 1980 (Sluiter and van Heerdt) and data between 1980 and 2015 (Haarsma). All available mark and recovery data (ringing) of both the historical and recent migration research were digitized. Observations include location and date of capture, species, sex and ring number. The latest observations in the recent dataset (Haarsma) also include biometric measurements (forearm length, body mass) and information about age and reproductive status. These biometric measurements show that male pond bats are on average smaller and lighter than females (body mass (g)/ forearm length (mm) females: 18.9/47.1, males: 16.4/46.4). The dataset shows changes in the fat mass of both sexes during a year. This study also compares migration data with winter monitoring survey data. We selected winter roosts with three or more records of three or more pond bats in one or both of the study periods. Only data from sites with long-term data series (from the hibernacula in the Dutch provinces of Zuid-Holland, Gelderland and Limburg) were used to analyse trends and annual abundance. Our selection included 59 limestone mines in the province of Limburg and 16 WOII bunkers in Gelderland and 38 in Zuid-Holland. We divided the sites into 'core' and 'satellite' sites depending on the timing of first colonization. Bunker limestone mine microclimate Radiation temperature: radiation temperature of the wall, measured with a non-contact infrared thermometer How many bats: the group size of each bat/ group of bats observed, categorized as alone and group. Where: the hanging location of the observed bat, categorized as hidden (in crevice) or free (free on ceiling or wall) Date: date of the observation Xy-coord: The coordinates of the entrance of the bunker or limestone mine. The RD (Rijks-Driehoek) system is the coordinate system used by the Dutch geographical service. Type: Bunker or limestone Location description: description of the name of the site Bunker monitoring core and satellite Date: date Winter: the period between September and April is defined as the winter of the year starting in January. Location description: description of the name of the site N of pond bats: total number of observed pond bats Province: the province Type: hibernacula categorized as a core or satellite site, sites occupied by pond bats since 1977 and 1997 respectively. XY-coord: The coordinates of the entrance of the bunker or limestone mine. The RD (Rijks-Driehoek) system is the coordinate system used by the Dutch geographical service. Supporting information (as referenced in the published paper, hence also available with plos one) S1 Fig. The range of the West European pond bat population (TIF). The shaded areas indicate the areas where the bulk of the surveys were carried out. S2 Fig. The distribution of the pond bat in Europe (country boundaries are only indicative) (JPG). Within the whole range of the species distribution seven groups can be separated. A The Netherlands, Belgium and Northwest Germany (~the West European population), B Jutland Peninsula, C Central European lakelands, D The Baltic States, E Ural Mountains (hibernacula), F Volga Valley (summer nurseries), G Hungary and Romania. S3 Fig. The distribution of hibernacula used by the western pond bat population (TIF). These are sites with three or more records of pond bats in one or both study periods. We identified four roost categories: Roosts which have been used ever since 1900 (= green squares), roosts used only between 1900–1980 (= open black squares), roosts occupied after 1980 (= purple circles), roosts occupied after 1997 (= blue asterisks). Detailed maps, all with the same enlargement, of the clusters in the provinces of Zuid-Holland (1), Gelderland (1) and Limburg (3) are provided. S1 Table. Summary of the average weight of pond bats over the study period. The weight is averaged per week. The table gives average weight of females, males both adults and juveniles. Avg weight: average weight of pond bats of each sex, in a certain week Sex: male of female Week number: number of the week Age: juvenile (or young of the year). Defined as the from birth until the onset of first hibernation. Subadult or sexual immature, defined as individuals with no signs of (past) reproductive activity. Adult or sexual mature, defined as all individuals with signs of (previous) reproductive activity. N observations: number of observations within each subset. S2 Table. Mark and recapture data from the historical dataset. Ringnumber: the label of the ring Sex: male or female capture date: date of capture capture location: description of capture location x y coordinate: The coordinates of the capture location in RD. The RD (Rijks-Driehoek) system is the coordinate system used by the Dutch geographical service. recapture date: date of recapture recapture location: description of recapture location x y coordinate: The coordinates of the recapture location in RD. The RD (Rijks-Driehoek) system is the coordinate system used by the Dutch geographical service. S3 Table. Mark and recapture data from the recent dataset. Same dataset as the historical set, but now including age (see definition used in S1)

本数据集包含水鼠耳蝠（Myotis dasycneme）的冬季调查数据、气温数据与标记重捕（mark recapture）数据。本研究旨在深入阐明水鼠耳蝠的迁徙、交配与冬眠选择。研究区域覆盖荷兰全境、比利时以及东弗里西亚（德国西北部）。本研究划定两个数据采集时段：1930年至1980年的数据（Sluiter与van Heerdt），以及1980年至2015年的数据（Haarsma）。所有历史与近期迁徙研究中的标记与回收（环志ringing）数据均已完成数字化处理。观测记录包含捕获地点与日期、物种、性别以及环志编号。近期数据集（Haarsma）的最新观测还包含生物测量（biometric measurements）指标（前臂长、体质量）以及年龄与繁殖状态信息。这些生物测量数据显示，雄性水鼠耳蝠的平均体型与体质量均小于雌性：雌性体质量（克）/前臂长（毫米）为18.9/47.1，雄性为16.4/46.4。本数据集揭示了两性体脂质量随年度变化的规律。本研究同时将迁徙数据与冬季监测调查数据进行对比分析。我们筛选出在两个研究时段之一或全部时段内，拥有3次及以上、单次观测3只及以上水鼠耳蝠记录的冬眠栖息点。仅采用拥有长期数据序列的栖息点（荷兰南荷兰省、海尔德兰省与林堡省的冬眠洞hibernacula）进行种群趋势与年度丰度分析。本次筛选共纳入林堡省的59座石灰岩矿、海尔德兰省与南荷兰省的16座及38座WOII掩体。我们按首次定居时间将栖息点划分为"核心"与"卫星"两类。掩体/石灰岩矿微气候 辐射温度：墙体辐射温度，采用非接触式红外测温仪（non-contact infrared thermometer）测定；蝙蝠数量：观测到的单只或集群蝙蝠的群体规模，划分为单独个体与集群两类；栖息位置：观测蝙蝠的悬挂位置，划分为隐蔽（缝隙内）与开放（天花板或墙面裸露处）两类；日期：观测日期；XY坐标：掩体或石灰岩矿入口的坐标。本研究采用荷兰地理服务机构使用的RD（Rijks-Driehoek）坐标系；类型：掩体或石灰岩矿；地点描述：栖息点名称的详细说明。冬季监测核心与卫星站点 日期：观测日期；冬季：每年9月至次年4月被定义为该年度的冬季（以1月为年度起始）；地点描述：栖息点名称的详细说明；水鼠耳蝠数量：观测到的水鼠耳蝠总数量；省份：所属省份；类型：冬眠洞（hibernacula），划分为"核心"或"卫星"站点，分别指1977年与1997年起被水鼠耳蝠占用的栖息点；XY坐标：掩体或石灰岩矿入口的坐标。本研究采用荷兰地理服务机构使用的RD（Rijks-Driehoek）坐标系。附属资料（已在发表论文中引用，可与PLOS ONE期刊论文一同获取）：S1图：西欧水鼠耳蝠种群分布范围（TIF格式）。阴影区域为主要调查开展区域；S2图：欧洲境内水鼠耳蝠的分布情况（国家边界仅为示意）（JPG格式）。在该物种的整个分布范围内可划分为7个群组：A 荷兰、比利时与德国西北部（约西欧种群），B 日德兰半岛，C 中欧湖区，D 波罗的海诸国，E 乌拉尔山脉（冬眠洞hibernacula分布区），F 伏尔加河谷（夏季育幼区），G 匈牙利与罗马尼亚；S3图：西欧水鼠耳蝠种群使用的冬眠洞（hibernacula）分布情况（TIF格式）。指在两个研究时段之一或全部时段内拥有3次及以上水鼠耳蝠记录的栖息点。本研究划定4类栖息点：1900年起持续使用的栖息点（绿色方形标记）、1900年至1980年间使用的栖息点（空心黑色方形标记）、1980年后被占用的栖息点（紫色圆形标记）、1997年后被占用的栖息点（蓝色星号标记）。同时提供南荷兰省（1处）、海尔德兰省（1处）与林堡省（3处）集群的详细地图，所有地图缩放比例一致。S1表：研究期内水鼠耳蝠平均体质量汇总。体质量按周进行平均计算。该表格给出雌性、雄性（包含成体与幼体）的平均体质量。平均体质量：特定一周内，不同性别的水鼠耳蝠的平均体质量；性别：雄性或雌性；周数：年度周次编号；年龄：幼体（或当年幼崽）：定义为从出生至首次冬眠开始的个体；亚成体（性未成熟）：无过往繁殖活动迹象的个体；成体（性成熟）：存在过往繁殖活动迹象的所有个体；观测样本量：每个子集内的观测记录数量。S2表：历史数据集的标记重捕（mark recapture）数据。环志编号：环志标签编号；性别：雄性或雌性；捕获日期：捕获时间；捕获地点：捕获地点的详细说明；x y坐标：捕获地点的RD（Rijks-Driehoek）坐标系坐标；重捕日期：重捕时间；重捕地点：重捕地点的详细说明；x y坐标：重捕地点的RD（Rijks-Driehoek）坐标系坐标。S3表：近期数据集的标记重捕（mark recapture）数据。与历史数据集为同一套数据，但新增了年龄信息（采用S1表中定义的年龄分类标准）。