Ultra-processed foods consumption is associated with cardiovascular disease and cardiometabolic risk factors in Brazilians with established cardiovascular events

The consumption of ultra-processed foods (UPF) has been associated with cardiometabolic risk factors. However, there is scarce literature on the association between UPF consumption, cardiovascular events, and cardiometabolic risk factors in subjects undergoing secondary care for cardiovascular diseases (CVD). Thus, we aimed to evaluate the association between UPF consumption, CVD, and cardiometabolic risk factors in subjects with established CVD. Baseline data from 2,357 subjects participating in a Brazilian multicenter study were analysed finding a mean UPF consumption of 18.7% of their energy intake. Higher figures of UPF consumption were founded associated with an increased presence of high waist circumference, overweight, peripheral arterial disease, and with a decreased odds of the simultaneous presence of coronary arterial disease, peripheral arterial diseases, and stroke when comparing among tertiles of UPF contribution to energy intake. These associations were observed when analyzing the whole sample and women but not men. Thus, these findings should help improve strategies for CVD patients in secondary care.