The gut microbiome of Hornets

Hornet (Vespa spp.) are a large group of eusocial insect. Many species have a wide range of distribution, however some of them are expanded they colonization territory often through accidental human-mediated introductions to include non-native regions such as parts of Europe, South America, and North America for hornets of Asiatic origin. These species builds nests in soul or trees and preys on honey bees and other insects, raising concerns for apiculture, biodiversity, and even public health due to its contact with potential pathogens.Recent research, has focused on their expanding impact. Factors such as climate change, urbanization, and weakened honey bee colonies have contributed to their increased predatory behavior, sometimes causing complete colony collapse. By examining hornets from various sampling sites ranging from apiaries to urban areas we aim to understand the composition of its gut microbiota and detect the presence of potential pathogens. This work adopts a One Health approach, linking the health of pollinators, ecosystems, and humans, to identify transmission pathways and develop sustainable management strategies, including potential microbial-based biological controls.