Effects of Biochar and Imidacloprid amendments on soil fungal community dynamics: a time-series ITS amplicon sequencing study

This study investigated the impacts of different soil amendments on the structure and succession of fungal communities in agricultural soil. Soil samples were subjected to three treatments: 1) biochar amendment (Emb), 2) imidacloprid pesticide application (Imid), and 3) a mature compost amendment (Ma), with an untreated control group (Con). Samples were collected at multiple time points (7, 14, 28, and 58 days) post-treatment, with three biological replicates per group. The internal transcribed spacer (ITS) region of fungal rRNA genes was amplified using primers ITS1F/ITS2R and sequenced on an Illumina Nextseq 2000 platform to profile the fungal microbiota. The objective was to assess how these common agricultural practices alter fungal diversity, composition, and keystone taxa over time, which has implications for soil health and ecosystem functioning. This dataset comprises the raw sequencing reads (fastq files) for all samples.