Use and limitations of ecological models

1 - Modelling of ecological processes is not a recent area of scientific research but it is currently evolving fast due to the technological advances in computing power.2 - Mathematical models can be readily used as tools for the efficient assessment of environmental quality, for studying the ecosystem functioning properties and for monitoring biodiversity.3 - Conclusions based on ecological models are often used to reinforce policy design and environmental planning and management. A variety of different ecological models exists at the moment, each one with its advantages and disadvantages.4 - The question that needs to be answered and the type of data available in each case, define the most suitable type of model. The limitations and malpractices occasionally observed during the use of ecological models are described.