The Complex Subunit VdAP-2α Regulates Polar Growth, Ergosterol Metabolism, and Virulence in Verticillium dahliae

Figure 1. Identification and subcellular localization of <i>VdAP-2α</i> in <i>Verticillium dahliae</i>.Figure 2. <i>VdAP-2α</i> regulates vegetative growth and sporulation in <i>Verticillium dahliae</i>.Figure 3. <i>VdAP-2α</i> regulates microsclerotia development and melanin deposition in <i>Verticillium dahlia</i><i>e</i>.Figure 4. Comparative transcriptomic analysis of the functional regulation of <i>VdAP-2α</i> in <i>Verticillium dahliae</i>.Figure 5. <i>VdAP-2α</i><i> </i>affects polar growth and development in <i>Verticillium dahliae</i>Figure 6<i>. VdAP-2α</i><i> </i>influences ergosterol biosynthesis in<i> </i><i>Verticillium dahliae.</i>Figure 7. <i>VdAP-2α</i> affects the pathogenicity of <i>Verticillium dahliae</i> on in <i>Acer truncatum</i>.Figure S1. Analysis of the T-DNA insertion site in mutant 166.Figure S2. Analysis of polymerase chain reaction (PCR) for deletion and complementation of the <i>VdAP-2α</i> gene in <i>Verticillium dahliae</i>.Figure S3. Transcriptomic analysis of differentially expressed genes (DEGs).Figure S4. WT, Δ<i>VdAP-2α</i>, EC^Δ^{<em>VdAP-2α</em>} strains' stress responses to voriconazole and terbinafine, and standard curves for squalene, lanosterol, and ergosterol quantification.Figure S5. Pathogenicity of the wild-type, <i>VdAP-2α</i> mutant, and complemented strain on cotton seedlings.Figure S6. Comparative transcriptome analysis of <i>Verticillium dahliae</i> related to ergosterol, polar growth, and melanin.Figure S7. <i>VdAP-2α</i> regulates melanin deposition in <i>Verticillium dahliae</i>.Figure S8. Fluorescence intensity analysis of CFW staining in hyphae of different strains