Molecular signatures and defense profiles of treatment-resistant glioblastoma stem cell clones.

NOTE: Probe set signals on the expression array that were ≥2-fold increased in relative expression in treatment-resistant glioblastoma stem cell (GSC) clones (n =  6 clones from 3 patients; 3 RT-resistant clones and 3 RT+TMZ-resistant clones) compared with treatment-sensitive GSC clones (n = 6 clones from 3 patients) were selected. Samples were permutated 100 times by dChip and identified 53 genes at false discovery rate (FDR) of <0.1%. DSB = double-strand break; ER = endoplasmic reticulum; ECM = extracellular matrix; DDR = DNA damage response; ATM = Ataxia telangiectasia mutated; ATR =  Ataxia telangiectasia and Rad3 related; CNS = central nervous system.