IMPROVING THE HYDRAULIC CALCULATION METHOD FOR DEFORMATIONS IN THE CONFLUENCE ZONE OF CHANNEL FLOWS

This study investigates the kinematic structure and hydraulic parameters of open channel flow confluences, focusing on deformations in erodible beds. Laboratory experiments were conducted on a scaled model of the Mirishkor Canal confluence, analyzing flow velocities, depths, and sediment transport under varying confluence angles (30°, 45°, 60°). Empirical relationships were derived for post-confluence flow rates, velocities, recirculation zone dimensions, and sediment discharge. Results show that confluence angle significantly influences flow kinematics and bed deformations, with higher angles leading to larger recirculation zones and reduced sediment transport. Proposed calculation algorithms enhance predictive accuracy for hydraulic design in irrigation systems. Comparisons with existing models (e.g., Taylor, Van Rijn) validate the findings, offering improved tools for managing channel stability.