Finnish University Graduates of Year 2005: Career and Employment Survey 2010

The survey charted the career and employment situation of people who had graduated from Finnish universities with a lower (BA/BSc or equivalent) or higher (MA/MSc or equivalent) degree in 2005. The survey was conducted five years after graduation. The first part investigated the respondents' education and work history. They were asked whether they had, after graduation, participated in job-related training, career guidance or had studied for or completed any additional professional qualification or higher education degree. Further questions covered the number of employers, number of separate employment contracts and offices, whether the respondents had been entrepreneurs, self-employed or freelancers and for how long, or whether they had been outside the labour market because of a family leave. Periods of unemployment, obstacles to getting a job (e.g. lack of experience, challenging labour market situation in the field, gender), and employment situation at the time of graduation were investigated. Those who had not been employed at the time of graduation were asked how long it had taken to get their first job. Characteristics of the first job after graduation were surveyed, including contract type, employer type, and type of work. The respondents were also asked whether the first job had required an academic degree, whether it had been commensurate with their qualification, and to what extend they had been able to utilise knowledge and skills gained during their university studies. The next section focused on the respondents' current employment situation. Questions covered the type of main employer, type of work, monthly gross wage income, whether they could utilise the knowledge and skills gained during their university studies, whether the job was commensurate with their level of education, and if not, why they had accepted the job. The respondents were presented with a number of statements relating to their job (e.g. 'my work is interesting', 'I have too much work', 'my contract is not secure') and asked to what extent they agreed. The respondents with fixed-term contracts were asked why the contract was fixed-term, the duration of the contract, and whether the contract had been preceded by another fixed-term contract with the same employer. The survey also explored the respondents' satisfaction with their degree and studies. Questions covered satisfaction with the degree from the point of view of career, how important certain skills and know-how were in the respondents' current job and how well their studies had developed these skills. The skills mentioned included, for instance, theoretical or practical knowledge of their field, problem solving, managerial skills, negotiation skills, project management, and communication in English. Background variables included the respondent's gender, age group at the time of graduation, nationality, and region of residence as well as the university they attended and information on the degree (field of study, number of credits required for the degree, degree level).

本调查描绘了2005年毕业于芬兰大学，持有学士学位或同等学历以及硕士学位或同等学历的人群的职业与就业状况。调查在毕业五年后进行。首部分探究了受访者的教育及工作经历，询问他们在毕业后是否参加过职业培训、职业指导，或是否进修了额外的专业资格或高等教育学位。进一步的问题涉及雇主数量、独立就业合同及办公地点数量，以及受访者是否为企业家、自雇者或自由职业者，以及持续了多长时间，或因家庭原因而离开了劳动力市场。调查还探讨了失业期、求职障碍（例如缺乏经验、领域内劳动力市场挑战、性别等）以及毕业时的就业状况。对于毕业时未就业的受访者，询问了他们找到第一份工作所需的时间。对毕业后第一份工作的特征也进行了调查，包括合同类型、雇主类型和工作类型。受访者还被问及第一份工作是否需要学术学位，是否与其资格相符，以及他们在多大程度上能够利用在大学期间获得的知识和技能。下一部分聚焦于受访者的当前就业状况，包括主要雇主的类型、工作类型、月总收入、是否能够利用在大学期间获得的知识和技能，以及工作是否与其教育水平相符，如果不相符，为何接受这份工作。受访者还被呈现了一系列与工作相关的陈述（例如：“我的工作很有趣”，“我的工作太多”，“我的合同不安全”），并询问他们同意的程度。对于签订固定期限合同的受访者，询问了合同为何是固定期限，合同的持续时间，以及是否在相同雇主处之前有另一个固定期限合同。调查还探讨了受访者对学位和学习的满意度。问题涉及从职业角度对学位的满意度，某些技能和知识在受访者当前工作中的重要性，以及他们的学习如何发展了这些技能。所提及的技能包括例如他们领域的理论或实践知识、问题解决能力、管理技能、谈判技能、项目管理以及英语沟通能力。背景变量包括受访者的性别、毕业时的年龄组、国籍、居住地区以及他们所就读的大学以及关于学位的信息（研究领域、获得学位所需的学分、学位水平）。