Frame-Dragging Effects on Innermost Stable Circular Orbits in Kerr Spacetimes: Implications for Gravitational Wave Astronomy

This paper investigates the role of frame-dragging in stabilizing innermost stable circular orbits (ISCOs) around rotating black holes described by the Kerr metric. We examine how the absence of rotation leads to orbital instability and unbound trajectories for test particles. Grounded in general relativity, the study integrates geodesic equations, gravitomagnetic effects, and numerical simulations using observational data from Gravity Probe B and the Event Horizon Telescope. Advanced sensitivity analyses, including Bayesian inference, and falsifiability criteria are employed. Visualizations illustrate spacetime curvature and geodesics. This multidisciplinary approach, spanning general relativity, astrophysics, and computational physics, provides an empirically robust analysis of orbital dynamics in high-spin spacetimes, with predictions for future gravitational wave detections by LISA.