Direct Incorporation of Glucosamine and N-Acetylglucosamine into Exopolymers by Gluconacetobacter xylinus (=Acetobacter xylinum) ATCC 10245: Production of Chitosan-Cellulose and Chitin-Cellulose Exopolymers

Gluconacetobacter xylinus (=Acetobacter xylinum) ATCC 10245 incorporated 2-amino-2-deoxy-d-glucose (glucosamine) and 2-acetamido-2-deoxy-d-glucose (N-acetylglucosamine), but not 3-O-methyl-d-glucose or 2-deoxy-d-glucose into exopolymers. Incorporation was confirmed by gas chromatography with and without mass spectrometry, Fourier transform infrared, and (1)H nuclear magnetic resonance. The average molar percentage of glucosamine and N-acetylglucosamine in the exopolymers was about 18%.