Unraveling pyroclastic density current dynamics with multiparameter geophysical sensing

This repository contains the data presented in the following article: F. Biagioli, J.-P. Métaxian, E. Stutzmann, P. Bernard, G. Lacanna, A. Mangeney, G. Ulivieri, G. Risica, A. Trabattoni, M. Peruzzetto, L. Innocenti, M. Ripepe, Unraveling pyroclastic density current dynamics with multiparameter geophysical sensing, Nature Communications Earth & Environment, 2026 (https://doi.org/10.1038/s43247-025-03091-6). This article incorporates data from multiple sensor types, including distributed acoustic sensing (DAS), seismometers (both geophones and broadband instruments), and infrasonic pressure sensors. Additional details about the sensors and datasets can be found in the accompanying article. The dataset documents two pyroclastic density currents (PDCs) that occurred in October and December 2022, referred to as PDC1 and PDC2, respectively. For PDC1, we provide one-hour time series from DAS, nodes, broadband seismometers, and infrasound sensors. For PDC2, we provide two-hour time series from DAS, broadband seismometers, and infrasound sensors. Monitoring camera imagery is included for both events. Contents The data respository then contains five datasets in separated folders: DAS, Nodes, Broadband_seismometers, Infrasound, and Camera_imagery. The files fibre_location.csv, node_location.csv, BB_location.csv, and infrasound_location.csv contain the GPS position of each sensor. DAS data are DAS_PDC1.nc and DAS_PDC2.nc respectively for PDC1 and PDC2, in NETCDF format. Data are in nanostrain-rate. Node data (vertical component) are in SAC format and have filenames such as *.2022.10.09.07.00.00.000.Z_corrected_prefilt_0.005_52.sac, where * denotes the serial number of the node and the recording day. Data are in m/s. Seismic broadband data (vertical component) are in MSEED format and have filenames such as STR_PDC1.mseed (recording stations are STR, ROC, SCI). Data are in m/s. Infrasound data are in MSEED format and have filenames such as STR_PDC1_IF.mseed (recording station are STR, MIC1, MIC5). Data are in Pa and between 0.5-10 Hz. Camera frames are in PNG format. The file stromboli_topo.nc contains 5 × 5 m–resolution topography of Stromboli’s northwestern flank, used as input for numerical simulations with the SHALTOP model.