Data from: Plant-pollinator interactions along an urbanization gradient from cities and villages to farmland landscapes

Urbanization affects pollinator diversity and plant-pollinator networks by
changing resource availability locally and in the surrounding landscape.
We experimentally established (N = 12) standardized plant communities in
farmland, villages and cities to identify the relative role of local and
landscape effects on plant-pollinator communities along this urbanization
gradient. We found that the number of flower visits by solitary bees, but
not bumblebees, were highest in cities and lowest in farmland, with
villages being intermediate, whereas syrphid flies exhibited lowest
numbers in cities. Villages supported the richest pollinator communities,
as they appeared to benefit from both farmland and city communities.
Plant-pollinator network metrics such as robustness, interaction evenness
and interaction diversity decreased with increasing urbanization, although
local plant richness increased towards urban areas. In conclusion,
pollinator communities were most diverse and stable in farmland and
village sites, despite the high plant richness in cities. The different
composition of pollinator communities along the urbanization gradient
suggests considering all three landscape types for conservation schemes.