Raw dataset for antioxidant activities and exopolysaccharide production by Bacillus spp. using copra meal, mangosteen peel, sorghum and para rubber sawdust as carbon sources

The objective of this investigation was to assess the exopolysaccharide (EPS) synthesis capability of Bacillus spp. isolated from Thai milk kefir using four agricultural by-products: copra meal, mangosteen peel, sorghum, and para rubber sawdust. Moreover, an assessment was conducted on the antioxidant properties of the EPSs. A proximate analysis was performed to ascertain the moisture, ash, lipid, protein, fiber, starch, sugar, acid detergent fiber (ADF), acid detergent lignin (ADL), and neutral detergent fiber (NDF) contents of these four substrates. After three days of fermentation, EPS production, pH, reducing sugar concentration, and microbial population were evaluated. An evaluation was conducted on the antioxidant characteristics of EPSs derived from different strains of Bacillus. This included the capacity to eliminate hydroxyl and 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radicals, the ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP), the total phenolic content (TPC), and the total flavonoid content (TFC). Proximate analysis, dinitrosalicylic acid assay, pH measurement, microbial count via spread plate method, antioxidant capacity, and TPC and TFC assays via spectrophotometry constituted the primary methodologies utilized. The efficacy of a bio-circular green economy paradigm was showcased through this method, which transformed agricultural and biowaste materials into valuable EPS biomaterials that hold promise for use in the food, feed, pharmaceutical, and cosmetic industries.