Table_1_The Interplay Between Economic Status and Attractiveness, and the Importance of Attire in Mate Choice Judgments.docx

Desirable characteristics of “opposite sex others,” such as physical attractiveness and economic status, can influence how individuals are judged, and this is different for men and women. However, under various social contexts where cues of higher or lower economic status is suggested, sex differences in judgments related to mate choice have not been fully explored. In two studies, ratings of economic status and attractiveness were quantified for male and female targets that were presented under various social contexts. Study 1 assessed judgments (n = 1,359) of images of nine male and nine female targets in different sized groups containing only opposite-sex others (i.e., group size). While we found no significant effects of group size on male and female attractiveness, target female economic status increased when surrounded by two or more men. An ad hoc analysis controlling for the attire of the targets (business or casual) found that the association between target female economic status and group size occurred when females were in business attire. Study 2 investigates this effect further by presenting images of 12 males and 12 females, in higher and lower status attire (i.e., business and casual clothing) and measured judgments of attractiveness and economic status among women and men (n = 1,038). Consistent with the results of Study 1, female economic status was only affected when women were in business attire. However, female economic status decreased when in the presence of other men in business attire. There were no sex differences in judgments of economic status when judging stimuli in casual attire. Additionally, negative associations between attractiveness and economic status were found for males presented in casual attire. We discuss these results in the light of evolutionary sexual conflict theory by demonstrating how the asymmetrical importance of status between men and women can influence mate choice judgments.

对“异性他人”的理想特质，如外貌吸引力与经济地位，可能影响个体评价的标准，且这种影响对于男性和女性而言存在差异。然而，在暗示更高或更低经济地位的各种社会情境下，与伴侣选择相关的性别差异评价尚未得到充分研究。在两项研究中，针对在不同社会情境下呈现的男性和女性目标，对其经济地位与吸引力的评价进行了量化。研究一评估了1359名参与者对九位男性和九位女性目标图像在不同规模群体中的评价（即群体规模）。虽然我们未发现群体规模对男性和女性吸引力的显著影响，但当目标女性被两名或更多男性包围时，其经济地位有所提升。通过对目标者着装（商务或休闲）进行控制的事务性分析发现，当女性身着商务装时，目标女性经济地位与群体规模之间的关联出现。研究二进一步探讨了这一效应，通过呈现12位男性和12位女性穿着较高或较低地位服饰（即商务装和休闲装）的图像，并测量了女性和男性对吸引力和经济地位的判断（共1038名参与者）。与研究一的结果一致，当女性身着商务装时，其经济地位受到的影响。然而，当女性出现在其他男性商务装场合时，其经济地位会下降。在评价休闲装场合的刺激物时，经济地位的判断不存在性别差异。此外，对于休闲装场合呈现的男性，发现了吸引力和经济地位之间的负相关。我们依据进化性性冲突理论对这些结果进行讨论，展示男女之间地位不对称的重要性如何影响伴侣选择判断。