Cognitive Load: Fully-labeled or end-labeled scales

This study employed a two-condition experimental design to investigate cognitive load differences between fully-labeled and end-labeled scales. The experiment, which was preregistered, involved undergraduate students and was conducted using eye-tracking technology at a Russian university. Data were collected from January to March 2023, ensuring consistent experimental conditions across multiple classrooms. A total of 170 participants, primarily from sociology and media communications programs, took part, with eight data points removed due to issues with pupil diameter measurements. Prior to the experiment, participants received detailed instructions, signed informed consent forms, and underwent calibration of the eye tracker. The study utilized scales such as PWI, BZGS, MAS-R, and MLQ, with an average survey completion time of approximately 11.77 minutes.<br><br>The MAS-R scale assessed moral beliefs across five source subscales, using an 11-point scale for responses. Two scale versions, fully-labeled and end-labeled, were employed to examine cognitive load differences. The MLQ scale focused on perceptions of life's meaning and purpose, with items rated on a 7-point Likert scale. To mitigate order effects, two questionnaires were developed, each featuring both scales in different orders. Key dependent variables included mean pupil diameter corrected to baseline, subjective mental effort ratings, and response times. Participants consisted of 170 undergraduate students with normal or corrected vision, and covariate balance analysis confirmed the experiment's validity.<br><br>The study's comprehensive approach sheds light on the cognitive load implications of fully-labeled and end-labeled scales, utilizing various measures and a well-defined experimental setup.