基于热红外和微波遥感协同观测的中国区域0.01°逐日全天候蒸散发数据集（2001-2024）

地表蒸散发（ET）是地表水文循环和能量循环过程的关键参数。长期以来，基于热红外模型的蒸散发反演是用于生产蒸散发产品的主要方法之一。虽然已经开发了时空连续的地表温度产品用于驱动热红外模型，但是由于云层影响和数据缺失等原因，当该模型应用于大区域时仍然会产生空间上的缺失。因此，本研究在中国区域驱动TSEB-SM模型，并开发了一种适用于该模型的重建框架用于生成时空连续的地表蒸散发及其组分产品。本研究开发的地表蒸散发产品的每日图像在全中国范围内实现了完全覆盖。该数据集已经在全国不同区域的不同植被类型下的20个通量站点进行了验证，发现无论是在晴天还是阴天该产品都能保持一个稳定的性能，其Bias和RMSE的平均值约为-0.17 mm day-1和1.02 mm day-1。此外，评估结果还表明，该产品在中国的干旱区和半干旱区能够准确地反应土壤水分胁迫引起的植被蒸腾和土壤蒸发变化。
中国区域基于TSEB-SM模型的地表蒸散发数据集（TSEB-SM ET）包括地表蒸散发（Evapotranspiration，ET）、植被蒸腾（Transpiration，T）和土壤蒸发（Evaporation，E）共3个要素。数据格式为网络公用数据格式（NetCDF4），时空分辨率为1天、0.01°，覆盖整个中国区域，时间跨度为2001.01.01-2024.12.31。同时，为了便于研究者使用，本研究不仅提供了日尺度的蒸散发及其组分，还提供了月尺度和年尺度的累积值，其单位分别为mm day-1，mm month-1，mm year-1。

Land surface evapotranspiration (ET) is a critical parameter in both the surface hydrological and energy cycles. For decades, evapotranspiration inversion based on thermal infrared models has been one of the primary approaches for generating operational ET products. While spatially and temporally continuous land surface temperature (LST) products have been developed to drive thermal infrared ET inversion models, spatial gaps still persist when these models are applied over large-scale regions due to factors such as cloud contamination and data gaps. To address this issue, this study drove the TSEB-SM model over China and developed a model-specific reconstruction framework to generate spatially and temporally continuous ET and its component products. The daily ET product developed in this study achieves full spatial coverage across China.

This dataset has been validated against in-situ measurements at 20 eddy covariance flux sites across diverse vegetation types in different regions of China. The validation results demonstrate that the product maintains stable performance under both clear-sky and cloudy-sky conditions, with average Bias and RMSE of approximately -0.17 mm day⁻¹ and 1.02 mm day⁻¹, respectively. Furthermore, the evaluation results reveal that the product can accurately capture the dynamics of vegetation transpiration and soil evaporation driven by soil water stress in arid and semi-arid regions of China.

The TSEB-SM-based land surface evapotranspiration dataset over China (TSEB-SM ET) contains three core variables: total evapotranspiration (ET), vegetation transpiration (T), and soil evaporation (E). The dataset is stored in Network Common Data Form (NetCDF4) format, with a spatial resolution of 0.01° and temporal resolution of 1 day, covering the entire territory of China, and spans the period from January 1, 2001 to December 31, 2024. To facilitate researcher access and usage, this study provides not only daily-scale ET and its component products, but also cumulative values at monthly and annual scales, with corresponding units of mm day⁻¹, mm month⁻¹, and mm year⁻¹, respectively.

搜集汇总

背景与挑战

背景概述

该数据集是一个基于热红外和微波遥感协同观测的中国区域蒸散发产品，覆盖2001年至2024年，提供逐日、0.01°空间分辨率的全天候地表蒸散发（ET）、植被蒸腾（T）和土壤蒸发（E）数据。它采用TSEB-SM模型和重建框架，确保在全国范围内实现时空连续覆盖，并已在20个通量站点验证，在晴天和阴天均表现稳定，适用于干旱和半干旱区的水文研究。