Detrital zircon records variable expressions of Paleoproterozoic (2.2 - 2.4 Ga) glaciation between Sclavia and Superia supercratons

Evidence of glaciation is recognized in Earth’s history from 2.9 Ga to the present, providing important information regarding the climatic, sedimentary, and tectonic evolution of our planet. Glaciers are highly effective agents of erosion that generate and transport large amounts of sediments for 100ʹs of kilometres. Therefore, detrital zircon geochronology of glaciogenic sedimentary rocks can elucidate the provenance and evolution of the sedimentary record through time. In this study, we investigate the Paleoproterozoic Glaciation Event which is hypothesized to be the oldest global glaciation in Earth’s history (2.4 to 2.2 Ga). We identify distinct sedimentary provenance patterns between the Archaean supercratons Sclavia and Superia, which, comprised most of the extant Archean crust. The detrital zircon of Sclavia exhibit increasing dissimilarity through time whereas the detrital zircon ages of Superia show consistent age peaks through time. Coupled with the absence of glacial deposits and predominance of marine sedimentary successions within Sclavia, the detrital zircon provenance likely indicates limited subaerial exposure of continental crust in Sclavia with glaciers narrow mountain belts producing no diamictites. This model resolves previous issues related to hypotheses proposing high-obliquity low latitude glaciation of Superia as the only explanation available.