Thermal hydrolysis combined with potassium ferrate pretreatment improves methane production from waste-activated sludge: Performance and mechanisms

Thermal hydrolysis (TH) is efficient in improving waste-activated sludge (WAS) anaerobic digestion (AD); however, opportunities for enhancement remain, particularly in optimising organic matter conversion rates and minimising the production of refractory substances. Therefore, this study proposes a novel method of TH combined with potassium ferrate (PF) to improve sludge AD and explores its performance and mechanism.